Composition, cytotoxicity and antioxidant activities of polyphenols in the leaves of star anise (Illicium verum Hook. f.)

Abstract

Composition, cytotoxicity and antioxidant activities of polyphenols in the leaves of star anise (Illicium verum Hook. f.

Improvement of the stabilities and antioxidant activities of polyphenols from the leaves of Chinese star anise (Illicium verum Hook. f.) using β‐cyclodextrin‐based metal–organic frameworks

“…The hydrophilic and hydrophobic polyphenols present in ALPs might show different affinity upon microencapsulation with β ‐CD‐MOFs. Nonetheless, to elucidate the possible microencapsulation mechanism of ALPs by β ‐CD‐MOFs as inclusion materials, we take vitexin‐2″‐ O ‐rhamnoside as an example, which is the main component of ALPs 3 . The core–wall molar ratio was approximately equal to 1:4 (1:10 in terms of mass ratio), that is, when vitexin‐2″‐ O ‐rhamnoside was encapsulated by β ‐CD‐MOFs, four β ‐CD‐MOF molecules could encapsulate one vitexin‐2″‐ O ‐rhamnoside molecule (Fig.…”

“…The extraction of polyphenols followed the microwave‐assisted extraction method described in our previous work 3 . In detail, 5 g of ground leaf powder and 130 mL of 67% (v/v) ethanol were added into a special microwave vitreous flask.…”

“…Antioxidant activities and free radical (superoxide anion radical, hydroxyl radical and 1,1‐diphenyl‐2‐picrylhydrazyl (DPPH) free radical) scavenging abilities of ALPs, ALP/ β ‐CD and ALP/ β ‐CD‐MOFs inclusion complex for the best core–wall ratio were evaluated and compared according to our previous work, 3 and the details are given below. The concentrations of ALP/ β ‐CD and ALP/ β ‐CD‐MOFs in all measurement were 10 times the concentration of ALPs, as the best core–wall ratio results were 1:10.…”

“…f.) belongs to the genus Illicium of the family Illiciaceae, mainly distributed in south China and Vietnam 1,2 . Twelve flavones and a phenolic acid, mainly comprising vitexin‐2″‐ O ‐rhamnoside and vitexin‐2″‐ O ‐xylopyranoside, have been found in I. verum 3 . These functional components possess significant biological activities, including free radical scavenging, nitrite scavenging, anti‐inflammatory, antimicrobial and DNA protectant activities 3–5 .…”

“…Twelve flavones and a phenolic acid, mainly comprising vitexin‐2″‐ O ‐rhamnoside and vitexin‐2″‐ O ‐xylopyranoside, have been found in I. verum 3 . These functional components possess significant biological activities, including free radical scavenging, nitrite scavenging, anti‐inflammatory, antimicrobial and DNA protectant activities 3–5 . Although the leaves of star anise and other anise plants are traditionally used as food ingredients in savoury and sweet dishes and as herbal medicines due to their antibacterial activity, 6,7 the leaves are still mainly a byproduct of fruit processing and consumption.…”