“…Generally, there are several ways to transform Eu 3+ into Eu 2+ : (i) adding reducing agents, [10][11][12] (ii) inputting reducing atmosphere during preparation processes, 13,14 (iii) adjusting optical basicity or electronegativity of host, 15,16 (iv) substituting M 2+ sites in crystalline lattices. 17,18 As strategies (i) and (ii) accompany drawbacks such as introducing impurities into the system or leading to infeasibility for elaborated optimization of concentration and distribution of Eu 2+ , strategies (iii) and (iv) are usually considered to be more executable. Using strategy (iv), silicate, 19,20 aluminosilicate, 10,15,21 borophosphate 22,23 and uoride crystalline phases [24][25][26] have been reported as good stabilizers for divalent Eu 2+ .…”