Composition dependence of tracer diffusion coefficients in Fe–Ga alloys: A case study by a tracer-diffusion couple method

Muralikrishna, G. Mohan; Tas, Bengü; Esakkiraja, Neelamegan; Esin, Vladimir А.; Kumar, K.C. Hari; Golovin, I.S.; Belova, Irina V.; Murch, Graeme E.; Paul, Aloke; Divinski, Sergiy V.

doi:10.1016/j.actamat.2020.10.065

Cited by 18 publications

(9 citation statements)

References 48 publications

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“…This linear dependence, referred to as Vergards law is consistent with the likely behavior of an ideal mixed phase [23]. It is also worth noting that, although there are some publications which hold contrary views to the validity of this law [24], other authors such as Muralikrishna et al [25] are of the view that Vegard's law is mostly valid in a narrow compositional range. The later view is supported by observations made in Figure 4: variations of the d-spacing with Mn doping percentage is linear up to about 25 % Mn doping.…”

Section: Eejp 4 (2023)supporting

confidence: 73%

Synthesis of Pure and Manganese Doped Zinc Oxide Nanoparticles by a Solution Growth Technique: Structural and Optical Investigation

Antwi,

Nkrumah,

Ampong

et al. 2023

East Eur. J. Phys.

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Pure and manganese doped zinc oxide nanoparticles have been successfully synthesized over the composition range, Zn1-xMnxO (0<x<0.5), by a solution growth process. The effect of Mn doping on the structure, morphology and optical properties were investigated by several techniques. X-Ray diffraction studies confirmed the formation of a single-phase polycrystalline hexagonal wurtzite structure of ZnO within the range, 0 < x < 0.3. No Mn related secondary phases were detected, within this range, which could be attributed to the fact that the dopant atoms had been well incorporated into the ZnO crystal lattice. For Zn1-xMnxO (x = 0.5), several low intensity peaks belonging to remnants of Manganese acetate were observed in the diffractogram, establishing a solubility limit for the synthesis technique used. The variation of d-spacing with Mn percent doping showed a very good agreement with Vergard’s law within the range (0<x<0.25). EDAX analysis of the nanoparticles was consistent with the formation of Mn doped ZnO. The optical band gap of the ZnO nanoparticles decreased linearly with increasing Mn percent doping, suggesting the possibility of tuning the band gap of ZnO by doping with Mn.

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Section: Eejp 4 (2023)supporting

confidence: 73%

Synthesis of Pure and Manganese Doped Zinc Oxide Nanoparticles by a Solution Growth Technique: Structural and Optical Investigation

Antwi,

Nkrumah,

Ampong

et al. 2023

East Eur. J. Phys.

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“…It should be noted that various techniques can be used to measure diffusivities of molecular/atomic diffusion in solids. The tracer method [43][44][45][46][47][48] is the most common one and traces spatiotemporal evolution of isotopic molecules/elements, using techniques of secondary ion mass spectrometry [49][50][51][52][53], nuclear magnetic resonance [54,55], and so forth. However, it is very difficult, if not impossible, to use these techniques to measure the diffusivity of the water diffusion in halide perovskites, including bulk diffusion and grain boundary diffusion.…”

Section: Numerical Implementationmentioning

confidence: 99%

Diffusion in a bicrystal: effect of water uptake through grain boundary on the degradation of halide perovskites

Yang

2023

Phys. Scr.

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In this work, we investigate the diffusion in a bicrystal strip with a constant concentration of solute atoms/molecules on free surfaces to mimic the diffusion of water molecules in a bicrystal of halide perovskites. The effect of grain boundary diffusion is incorporated in the analysis, and the equation of mass transport in the grain boundary is derived without a time-derivative term. Using the equation of mass transport in the grain boundary, a closed-form solution of the spatiotemporal evolution of the concentration of solute atoms/molecules in the bicrystal is derived. Numerical analysis of the uptake of water in a methylammonium lead iodide (MAPbI3) bicrystal is performed. The degree of degradation of the MAPbI3 bicrystal due to the uptake of water is defined as the ratio of the diffusion length of water in one of the crystal in the bicrystal to the half width of the bicrystal. The numerical results reveal that the degree of degradation of the MAPbI3 bicrystal increases with the increase of the diffusion time and there exists effect of grain size on the degree of degradation of the MAPbI3 bicrystal. The time to reach the same degree of degradation due to the uptake of water is proportional to the width of the MAPbI3 bicrystal of the same thickness, in accord with the experimental results reported in literature. This result points to the need of producing halide perovskite films of large grain sizes in order to improve the structural stability and performance of perovskite-based photovoltaic cells by limiting the structural degradation induced by water diffusion.

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“…There are various techniques available to measure the diffusion coefficient of atomic diffusion in solids. The most common technique is the tracer method, − which tracks the spatial distribution of isotopic elements at different times under the isothermal condition with different techniques, including secondary ion mass spectrometry (SIMS). − Using nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR) − or quasi-elastic neutron scattering (QENS) − makes it possible to analyze atomic diffusion in crystalline materials and in battery research. Diffusion coefficients of atomic diffusion have also been measured by low-angle X-ray diffraction (XRD) (X-ray reflectometry, XRR) in solids, , XRD, , energy-dispersive X-ray spectroscopy, ,, and low-angle neutron diffraction (neutron reflectometry, NR). − Most studies reported in the literature have been based on the isothermal condition, which require multiple measurements at different temperatures in order to determine the activation energy for atomic diffusion in solids.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…There are various techniques available to measure the diffusion coefficient of atomic diffusion in solids. The most common technique is the tracer method, 5 − 10 which tracks the spatial distribution of isotopic elements at different times under the isothermal condition with different techniques, including secondary ion mass spectrometry (SIMS). 11 − 20 Using nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR) 21 − 24 or quasi-elastic neutron scattering (QENS) 25 − 27 makes it possible to analyze atomic diffusion in crystalline materials and in battery research.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Analysis of the Diffusion in a Multilayer Structure under a Constant Heating Rate: The Calculation of Activation Energy from the In Situ Neutron Reflectometry Measurement

2023

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Understanding mass transport in micro- and nanostructures is of paramount importance in improving the performance and reliability of the micro- and nanostructures. In this work, we solve the diffusion problem in a multilayer structure with periodic conditions under a constant heating rate via a Fourier series. Analytical relation is established between the coefficients of eigenfunctions and the intensity of X-ray or neutron Bragg peak. The logarithm of temporal variation of the intensity of X-ray or neutron Bragg peak is a linear function of the nominal diffusion time, with the nominal diffusion time being dependent on the heating rate. This linear relation is validated by experimental data. The Taylor series expansion of the linear relation to the first order of the diffusion time yields an approximately linear relation between the logarithm of temporal variation of the intensity of X-ray or neutron peak and the diffusion time for small diffusion times, which can be likely used to calculate the activation energy for the diffusion in a multilayer structure. The validation of such an approach is subjected to the fact that the characteristic time for heat conduction is much less than the characteristic time for the ramp heating as well as the characteristic time for diffusion.

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Composition dependence of tracer diffusion coefficients in Fe–Ga alloys: A case study by a tracer-diffusion couple method

Cited by 18 publications

References 48 publications

Synthesis of Pure and Manganese Doped Zinc Oxide Nanoparticles by a Solution Growth Technique: Structural and Optical Investigation

Synthesis of Pure and Manganese Doped Zinc Oxide Nanoparticles by a Solution Growth Technique: Structural and Optical Investigation

Diffusion in a bicrystal: effect of water uptake through grain boundary on the degradation of halide perovskites

Analysis of the Diffusion in a Multilayer Structure under a Constant Heating Rate: The Calculation of Activation Energy from the In Situ Neutron Reflectometry Measurement

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