Composition of Anopheles coluzzii and Anopheles gambiae microbiota from larval to adult stages

Gimonneau, Geoffrey; Tchioffo, Majoline T.; Abate, Luc; Boissière, Anne; Awono-Ambene, Parfait; Nsango, Sandrine E.; Christen, Richard; Morlais, Isabelle

doi:10.1016/j.meegid.2014.09.029

Cited by 168 publications

(197 citation statements)

References 44 publications

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“…In accordance with previously published results on Anopheles and Culex genera (e.g., Gimonneau et al, 2014; Duguma et al, 2015), we found that microbiota of Aedes, Ochlerotatus, Anopheles, Culex , and Coquilletidia species were dominated by the phylum Proteobacteria. This common pattern suggests that some characteristics of the Proteobacteria may make them especially suitable for mosquito colonization.…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 93%

Mosquito Microbiome Dynamics, a Background for Prevalence and Seasonality of West Nile Virus

et al. 2017

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Symbiotic microbial communities augment host phenotype, including defense against pathogen carriage and infection. We sampled the microbial communities in 11 adult mosquito host species from six regions in southern Ontario, Canada over 3 years. Of the factors examined, we found that mosquito species was the largest driver of the microbiota, with remarkable phylosymbiosis between host and microbiota. Seasonal shifts of the microbiome were consistently repeated over the 3-year period, while region had little impact. Both host species and seasonal shifts in microbiota were associated with patterns of West Nile virus (WNV) in these mosquitoes. The highest prevalence of WNV, with a seasonal spike each year in August, was in the Culex pipiens/restuans complex, and high WNV prevalence followed a decrease in relative abundance of Wolbachia in this species. Indeed, mean temperature, but not precipitation, was significantly correlated with Wolbachia abundance. This suggests that at higher temperatures Wolbachia abundance is reduced leading to greater susceptibility to WNV in the subsequent generation of C. pipiens/restuans hosts. Different mosquito genera harbored significantly different bacterial communities, and presence or abundance of Wolbachia was primarily associated with these differences. We identified several operational taxonomic units (OTUs) of Wolbachia that drive overall microbial community differentiation among mosquito taxa, locations and timepoints. Distinct Wolbachia OTUs were consistently found to dominate microbiomes of Cx. pipiens/restuans, and of Coquilletidia perturbans. Seasonal fluctuations of several other microbial taxa included Bacillus cereus, Enterococcus, Methylobacterium, Asaia, Pantoea, Acinetobacter johnsonii, Pseudomonas, and Mycoplasma. This suggests that microbiota may explain some of the variation in vector competence previously attributed to local environmental processes, especially because Wolbachia is known to affect carriage of viral pathogens.

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Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 93%

Mosquito Microbiome Dynamics, a Background for Prevalence and Seasonality of West Nile Virus

et al. 2017

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“…As the adult mosquito microbiota is known to be influenced by the larval breeding site and the larval microbiota101721, we next investigated the impact of larval diet on the midgut microbiota of adult females prior to or after a blood meal (referred to as sugar-fed, SF, and blood-fed, BF, respectively). As shown previously31, we observed that the bacterial load in mosquito midguts significantly increased after blood feeding, regardless of the larval diet (Fig.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Microbes, notably algae and bacteria, are required for development and are even known to increase development rate15161718. Some bacteria are transmitted to adults and participate in the adult microbiota composition17192021. Nutrient richness at the larval stage also influences the size and metabolism of adult mosquitoes22; habitat type also affects the adult permissiveness to malaria parasites14, but whether this is mediated by nutrition is as yet unclear.…”

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confidence: 99%

Larval diet affects mosquito development and permissiveness to Plasmodium infection

Linenberg

Christophides

Gendrin

2016

Sci Rep

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The larval stages of malaria vector mosquitoes develop in water pools, feeding mostly on microorganisms and environmental detritus. Richness in the nutrient supply to larvae influences the development and metabolism of larvae and adults. Here, we investigated the effects of larval diet on the development, microbiota content and permissiveness to Plasmodium of Anopheles coluzzii. We tested three fish diets often used to rear mosquitoes in the laboratory, including two pelleted diets, Dr. Clarke’s Pool Pellets and Nishikoi Fish Pellets, and one flaked diet, Tetramin Fish-Flakes. Larvae grow and develop faster and produce bigger adults when feeding on both types of pellets compared with flakes. This correlates with a higher microbiota load in pellet-fed larvae, in agreement with the known positive effect of the microbiota on mosquito development. Larval diet also significantly influences the prevalence and intensity of Plasmodium berghei infection in adults, whereby Nishikoi Fish Pellets-fed larvae develop into adults that are highly permissive to parasites and survive longer after infection. This correlates with a lower amount of Enterobacteriaceae in the midgut microbiota. Together, our results shed light on the influence of larval feeding on mosquito development, microbiota and vector competence; they also provide useful data for mosquito rearing.

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“…Both field and laboratory studies indicate that most of these bacteria are aerobes or facultative anaerobes [3–12]. Analysis of 16S rRNA gene amplicons of select species indicates that larvae primarily contain a subset of the bacteria in their aquatic environment, while some but not all of these bacteria are present in adults [4, 7–9, 13]. In contrast, controlled experiments show that larvae contain no gut bacteria if they hatch from surface sterilized eggs and are maintained in a sterile environment [7].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Transcriptome Sequencing Reveals Large-Scale Changes in Axenic Aedes aegypti Larvae

et al. 2017

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Mosquitoes host communities of microbes in their digestive tract that consist primarily of bacteria. We previously reported that Aedes aegypti larvae colonized by a native community of bacteria and gnotobiotic larvae colonized by only Escherichia coli develop very similarly into adults, whereas axenic larvae never molt and die as first instars. In this study, we extended these findings by first comparing the growth and abundance of bacteria in conventional, gnotobiotic, and axenic larvae during the first instar. Results showed that conventional and gnotobiotic larvae exhibited no differences in growth, timing of molting, or number of bacteria in their digestive tract. Axenic larvae in contrast grew minimally and never achieved the critical size associated with molting by conventional and gnotobiotic larvae. In the second part of the study we compared patterns of gene expression in conventional, gnotobiotic and axenic larvae by conducting an RNAseq analysis of gut and nongut tissues (carcass) at 22 h post-hatching. Approximately 12% of Ae. aegypti transcripts were differentially expressed in axenic versus conventional or gnotobiotic larvae. However, this profile consisted primarily of transcripts in seven categories that included the down-regulation of select peptidases in the gut and up-regulation of several genes in the gut and carcass with roles in amino acid transport, hormonal signaling, and metabolism. Overall, our results indicate that axenic larvae exhibit alterations in gene expression consistent with defects in acquisition and assimilation of nutrients required for growth.

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Composition of Anopheles coluzzii and Anopheles gambiae microbiota from larval to adult stages

Cited by 168 publications

References 44 publications

Mosquito Microbiome Dynamics, a Background for Prevalence and Seasonality of West Nile Virus

Mosquito Microbiome Dynamics, a Background for Prevalence and Seasonality of West Nile Virus

Larval diet affects mosquito development and permissiveness to Plasmodium infection

Transcriptome Sequencing Reveals Large-Scale Changes in Axenic Aedes aegypti Larvae

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