Composition of Australian tea tree oil (Melaleuca alternifolia)

Swords, Greg; Hunter, G. L. K.

doi:10.1021/jf60217a031

Cited by 62 publications

(39 citation statements)

References 3 publications

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“…Terpenes are volatile, aromatic hydrocarbons and may be considered polymers of isoprene, which has the formula C 5 H 8 . Early reports on the composition of TTO described 12 (65), 21 (3), and 48 (142) components. The seminal paper by Brophy and colleagues (25) examined over 800 TTO samples by gas chromatography and gas chromatography-mass spectrometry and reported approximately 100 components and their ranges of concentrations (Table 1).…”

Section: Composition and Chemistrymentioning

confidence: 99%

“…During that nascent stage, TTO was produced from natural bush stands of plants, ostensibly M. alternifolia, that produced oil with the appropriate chemotype. The native habitat of M. alternifolia is low-lying, swampy, subtropical, coastal ground around the Clarence and Richmond Rivers in northeastern New South Wales and southern Queensland (142), and, unlike several other Melaleuca species, it does not occur naturally outside Australia. The plant material was hand cut and often distilled on the spot in makeshift, mobile, wood-fired bush stills.…”

Section: Commercial Productionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Melaleuca alternifolia(Tea Tree) Oil: a Review of Antimicrobial and Other Medicinal Properties

2006

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SUMMARY Complementary and alternative medicines such as tea tree (melaleuca) oil have become increasingly popular in recent decades. This essential oil has been used for almost 100 years in Australia but is now available worldwide both as neat oil and as an active component in an array of products. The primary uses of tea tree oil have historically capitalized on the antiseptic and anti-inflammatory actions of the oil. This review summarizes recent developments in our understanding of the antimicrobial and anti-inflammatory activities of the oil and its components, as well as clinical efficacy. Specific mechanisms of antimicrobial and anti-inflammatory action are reviewed, and the toxicity of the oil is briefly discussed.

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Section: Composition and Chemistrymentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Commercial Productionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Melaleuca alternifolia(Tea Tree) Oil: a Review of Antimicrobial and Other Medicinal Properties

2006

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“…Tea tree oil consists mainly of terpinen-4-ol, thus providing an ample source of biomass-based alcohol for the synthesis of olens. 32,33 With the use of Fe(OTf) 3 , a mixture of products, mainly a-and g-terpinenes, was generated in 53 wt% yield from tea tree oil in 1 hour under a reduced pressure of 57 mmHg at 130 C. However, the Hf(OTf) 4 -catalyzed reaction produced non-volatile products at 110 C under reduced pressure, and as a result no olens were obtained. The reaction results resemble those of the a-terpineol dehydration, where Fe(OTf) 3 gave a good olen yield while Hf(OTf) 4 generated mostly non-volatile products (Table 3, entry 3).…”

Section: -21mentioning

confidence: 99%

Transition metal triflate catalyzed conversion of alcohols, ethers and esters to olefins

et al. 2018

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Herein, we report an efficient transition metal triflate catalyzed approach to convert biomass-based compounds, such as monoterpene alcohols, sugar alcohols, octyl acetate and tea tree oil, to their corresponding olefins in high yields. The reaction proceeds through C-O bond cleavage under solventfree conditions, where the catalytic activity is determined by the oxophilicity and the Lewis acidity of the metal catalyst. In addition, we demonstrate how the oxygen containing functionality affects the formation of the olefins. Furthermore, the robustness of the used metal triflate catalysts, Fe(OTf) 3 and Hf(OTf) 4 , is highlighted by their ability to convert an over 2400-fold excess of 2-octanol to octenes in high isolated yields.

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“…It contains approximately 100 compounds, mainly plant terpenes and their corresponding alcohols. 13 In 1990, a study of 124 patients compared 5% tea tree oil in a waterbased gel with 5% benzoyl peroxide. Although the tea tree oil did not work as quickly as benzoyl peroxide, it did show statistical improvement in the number of acne lesions at the end of 3 months.…”

Section: Tea Tree Oilmentioning

confidence: 99%