“…This is because semantics constitutes general theory that defines how to compose services conceptually rather than a concrete implementation (that can only be evaluated in specific scenarios). Significantly, fundamental semantics underlies so-called composition algorithms [8,89,90,91,92,93,94,95,96,97,98,99,100,101,102], programming frameworks [84,103,104,105,106,107,108], languages [109,110] and platforms [111,112,113,114,115,116,117], which have been somehow confusingly included in existing "IoT service composition" surveys [3,5,24,118,119].…”