Composition of hydrated crystals of alkali cellulose

Goikhman, A.Sh.; Kaller, A. L.; Polyakova, G. V.; Matsibora, N.P.

doi:10.1016/0032-3950(77)90321-5

Cited by 4 publications

(1 citation statement)

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“…With increasing the concentration [NaOH] > 40%, a portion of the protons of OH groups are replaced by Na + ions predominantly in hydroxyls in the ' α position with respect to the β glycosidic bond. The lattice is rearranged on the inclusion of the alkali: the volume (V C6 ) increases from 0.165-0.169 to 0.220-0.330 nm 3 in the inclusion complex [48], and it depends on the number and spatial arrangement of solvate ligands-water molecules. In the limits of one layer, cellulose chains are rearranged into a denser structure: the values of d 101 decreased from 1.51 to 1.28 nm as the alkali concentration was increased from 2.5 to 6.0 M.…”

Section: Reactions On Impregnationmentioning

confidence: 99%

Alkaline activation of coals and carbon-base materials

2014

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Data on the reactions and processes occurring under the conditions of the alkaline activation of carbon substances-the production of activated carbons by the thermolysis of carbon substances in the pres ence of alkali metal hydroxides MOH-are summarized. The following most important activation processes were recognized: (1) the interaction of functional groups with MOH and the formation of intermediate struc tures with the C-O-M group;(2) their conversion into metal containing compounds (primarily, M 2 CO 3 and M 2 O) in reactions with carbon, especially, with terminal C atoms on the periphery of graphenes; and (3) the reduction of M 2 CO 3 and M 2 O to the metal M, which is intercalated into the interlayer spaces of crystal lites. The mechanism of alkaline activation was studied in most detail for KOH as an activating agent. The thermally initiated reduction of potassium oxide with carbon and the intercalation of potassium metal are the two most important processes for the development of the microporosity of activated carbon.

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Section: Reactions On Impregnationmentioning

confidence: 99%