Composition of Inorganic Components of Buckwheat Husk and Straw

Земнухова, Л. А.; Shkorina, E. D.; Fedorishcheva, G. A.

doi:10.1007/s11167-005-0284-1

Cited by 28 publications

(22 citation statements)

References 4 publications

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“…Various procedures were proposed for silica preparation from rice hull, in particular [16][17][18][19][20][21][22][23][24][25]: oxidative calcination at ~800°C; acid leaching of the product of oxidative calcination of rice hull; acid leaching of the raw material and calcination of the insoluble residue; enzymatic treatment followed by calcination; and alkaline hydrolysis followed by silica precipitation with acid. The resulting silica products vary in the content of the basic substance and associated impurities, aggregation state, particle size, specific surface area, pore volume, and other characteristics.…”

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“…Depending on the treatment conditions, the resulting silica particles are characterized by the specific surface area of 80 -454 m 2 g -1 , specific pore volume of 0.196-0.390 cm 3 g -1 , and average pore radius of 1.69-2.3 nm. Heating rice hull to 1000°C causes the amorphous to crystalline transformation of silica with the specific surface area decreasing to 8-10 m 2 g -1 [16,24,25].…”

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Rice hull as a renewable raw material and its processing routes

Efremova

2012

Russ J Gen Chem

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It was shown that rice hull has a unique composition and can be used as a renewable raw material. A method for rice hull conversion into polyfunctional materials was proposed, which gives a solid product, a liquid organic product, and a mixture of noncondensable gases. The solid product is suitable as a filler for elastomers, fodder supplement for farm poultry, and sorbent for noble and rare metal recovery. The liquid product acts as a highly selective collector of lead minerals in beneficiation of complex rebellious ores, plant growth stimulant, and antiseptic agent. The mixture of noncondensable gases can be used for carbon black production or as a high-calorific fuel.Rice hull, a unique large-tonnage waste material from cultivation and processing of crops, is dissimilar in the composition and properties to some other plant wastes. Specifically, rice hull contains lignin, carbohydrates, nitrogenous substances, vitamins, organic acids, and mineral components, whose content depends on the rice variety and is affected by the geographical location and agronomic method of rice cultivation. The carbohydrate components of rice hull include cellulose (the main component) and hemicelluloses (contained in a slightly lesser amount) dominated by pentosans. Depending on the technique applied, crude or purified lignin can be recovered from rice hull. Crude lignin contains cellulose and ash; nitrogenous substances are represented primarily by proteins, with a small amount of nitrogen comprised by the vitamins contained in rice hull. Organic acids contained in rice hull include acetic, citric, fumaric, oxalic, and succinic acids, as well as some aromatic acids.The predominant mineral component of rice hull, responsible for its high ash content, is silica. The ash also contains potassium, sodium, magnesium, calcium, iron, and phosphorus, as well as considerably smaller quantities of copper, iron, manganese, etc. The content of rice hull components, wt %, varies extensively as follows [1]: water 2.4-11.35, crude protein 1.7-7.26, crude fat 0.38-2.98, nitrogen-free extractive substances 24.7-38.79, raw cellulose 31.71-49.92 (34.34-43.8, according to other sources), pentosans 16.94-21.95, ash 13.16-29.04; other substances (lignin) 21.4-46.97. It should be noted that data reported by different researchers can differ considerably.

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Rice hull as a renewable raw material and its processing routes

Efremova

2012

Russ J Gen Chem

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“…A number of researchers have repeatedly pointed out [1][2][3][4][5][6] that vegetable and mineral resources, such as agricultural and wood processing waste, sphagnum, peat moss, and rocks, are valuable raw materials in the biochemical and metallurgical industries for produc ing functional materials, including nanocomposite systems. Industrial processing of vegetable and min eral raw materials typically involves the hydrolysis, pyrolysis or extraction, and chemical modification of raw materials [1][2][3][4][5][6][7][8].…”

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Nanocomposites based on vegetable and mineral raw materials

et al. 2013

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“…Likewise, among the organic substances in buckwheat straw and husk are flavonoids, including rutin and quercetin, lipids, and biologically active polysaccharides. 9 Buckwheat is recognized as a health food, because it contains rutin, which is known to strengthen blood vessels. 10 However, a large amount of buckwheat hull obtained as a by-product of buckwheat seed production is mostly wasted, used as feed, fuel, or filler for packing of fragile goods.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Cytotoxic Effect of Buckwheat (Fagopyrum esculentum Moench) Hull Against Cancer Cells

Kim

Cui²,

Kang³

et al. 2007

Journal of Medicinal Food

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Buckwheat (Fagopyrum esculentum Moench) hull was extracted with 70% ethanol and then further fractionated with n-hexane, chloroform, ethyl acetate, and water stepwise. In the in vitro test (SRB assay), hexane and ethyl acetate fractions showed higher inhibition effects against MCF-7 cells than other samples at the 1 mg/mL level: 89% and 93.2%, respectively. They also displayed higher inhibition rates against Hep3B cells of 83.6% and 75.3%, respectively, at 1 mg/mL. The ethyl acetate fraction yielded the highest inhibition rate against A549 cells with the level of 0.25 mg/mL, but it showed a lower inhibition rate than the hexane and chloroform fractions at higher levels of sample, i.e., 0.75 and 1.0 mg/mL. All samples showed higher inhibition effects against AGS human gastric carcinoma than any other cancer cells. The inhibition rates against HeLa cells were 81.2% and 82.0% for the chloroform and butanol fraction with 0.5 mg/mL, respectively. However, all samples yielded an inhibition rate of less than 35% against normal cells, at all treatment levels, except the ethanol extract. All extracts at doses of 25 and 50 mg/kg showed decreases of more than 20% and 42%, respectively, in tumor formation in sarcoma-180 implanted mice except for the aqueous fraction. From these results, it is suggested that buckwheat hull possesses anticancer properties against a variety of different cancer cell lines.

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Composition of Inorganic Components of Buckwheat Husk and Straw

Abstract: The composition of inorganic components and content of soluble substances in wastes from processing of seed (ordinary) buckwheat were studied in relation to the plant strain, type of a raw material (straw or husk), and processing conditions.

Cited by 28 publications

References 4 publications

Rice hull as a renewable raw material and its processing routes

Rice hull as a renewable raw material and its processing routes

Nanocomposites based on vegetable and mineral raw materials

Cytotoxic Effect of Buckwheat (Fagopyrum esculentum Moench) Hull Against Cancer Cells

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