Composition, Vigor, and Proteome of Mature Soybean Seeds Developed under High Temperature

Abstract

The effects of high temperature treatment on soybean [Glycine max (L.) Merr.] seed composition, vigor, and proteome were investigated using mature dry seeds harvested from plants grown in environment‐controlled chambers. High day/night temperatures (37/30°C) from stages R5 through R8 altered ratios of individual fatty acids to total fatty acid compared to the control (27/18°C). Concentration of sugars decreased, but total protein and phytic acid concentration were unchanged. High temperature resulted in a greater proportion of abnormal seeds, but normal‐appearing seed exhibited reduced germination and vigor. Proteomic analysis detected 20 protein identities whose accumulations were changed by the high temperature. Fourteen spots were identified as seven subunits of seed storage proteins. The remaining six proteins were identified as those responding to abiotic stresses or having a function in respiration: (i) sucrose binding protein, (ii) Class III acidic endochitinase, (iii) heat shock protein (HSP22), (iv) late embryo abundant protein, (v) Bowman–Birk proteinase inhibitor, and (vi) formate dehydrogenase. High temperature during seed development changed soybean seed composition and decreased seed vigor, but also changed seed protein expression profiles.

Heat, Salinity, and Acidity, Commonly Upregulate A1aB1b Proglycinin in Soybean Embryonic Axes

“…From the time when these initial publications appeared, the study of heat-induced HSPs has been continuous, aiming to identify particular molecular species. The most recent investigations have made use of the proteomic technology; most HSPs have been identified as stabilizing (refolding) proteins, storage proteins or respiratory-related proteins (Ren et al, 2009). Although HSPs are meant to prevent, and even reverse, the molecular alterations induced by heat (Boston et al, 1996), they might be inefficient in cell protection when the temperature intensity is beyond the tolerance threshold (Schöffl et al, 1999).…”

Role of Boron Nutrient in Nodules Growth and Nitrogen Fixation in Soybean Genotypes Under Water Stress Conditions

“…It was also reported that raffinose and galactinol levels may play an important role in plant tolerance to biotic and abiotic stress [14,15], and the accumulation of galactinol and raffinose may protect the plant from drought [51], and the activity of sucrose synthase, the main enzyme involved in sucrose hydrolysis in nodules, was significantly inhibited under drought conditions [52,53]. The biological functions of raffinose and stachyose are not clear [54], but previous research reported that oligosaccharides (sucrose, raffinose, and stachyose) are related to seed quality [55] and the acquisition of desiccation tolerance during seed development and maturation.…”

Proteomics Approach for Identifying Abiotic Stress Responsive Proteins in Soybean

“…Exposure of soybean plant to a temperature of 35 °C for 10 hours per day resulted in about a 27% reduction in yield (Gibson & Mullen, 1996). High temperatures during seed development changed the seed components, in which concentrations of palmitic, stearic, and oleic acids increased, whereas those of linoleic and linolenic acids decreased; there was also a marked decrease in seed vigor (Ren et al, 2009). One of the main deleterious effects of high temperatures during soybean growth is the disruption of photosynthesis, and it has been reported that, among the various components of the photosynthetic apparatus, photosystem II (PS II) is particularly sensitive to high temperatures (Thompson et al, 1989).…”

“…Only few proteomics studies have been performed on soybean subjected to hightemperature stress. In one of the experiments, total proteins have been extracted from mature seeds of soybean plants grown under normal and high temperatures in growth chambers (Ren et al, 2009), and 20 heat stress-responsive proteins were identified by using the 2D-DIGE technique. The accumulation of heat shock protein 22 (HSP 22) was shown to increase in seeds that developed at a high temperature.…”

“…The accumulation of heat shock protein 22 (HSP 22) was shown to increase in seeds that developed at a high temperature. It was concluded that an increase in the levels of HSPs protects the seeds from damage by high temperatures (Ren et al, 2009). Recently, a proteome analysis has been performed on soybean seedlings subjected to a high temperature, and differentially expressed proteins were identified (Ahsan et al, 2010a).…”