Compost vs biochar amendment: a two-year field study evaluating soil C build-up and N dynamics in an organically managed olive crop

Sánchez-García, María; Sánchez-Monedero, Miguel Á.; Roig, A.; López-Cano, Inés; Moreno, Beatriz González; Benítez, Emilio; Cayuela, María Luz

doi:10.1007/s11104-016-2794-4

Cited by 60 publications

(22 citation statements)

References 52 publications

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“…according to lab studies of wood biochar (Cayuela et al, 2013) . However, field studies under Mediterranean conditions have shown small to no significant reductions (Castaldi et al, 2011;Suddick and Six, 2013;Pereira et al, 2015), or even a slight increase in N 2 O emissions (Sánchez-García et al, 2016). These different outputs between lab and field studies were probably due to the fact that laboratory conditions were not finally reflected on the field (Cayuela et al, 2014), and suggests that further experiments using a range of soil types, crops (absence of perennial and horticultural crops) and management practices is required.…”

Section: Ghg Emissionsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Strategies for greenhouse gas emissions mitigation in Mediterranean agriculture: A review

Sanz-Cobeña

Lassaletta

Aguilera

et al. 2017

Agriculture, Ecosystems & Environment

229

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Section: Ghg Emissionsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Strategies for greenhouse gas emissions mitigation in Mediterranean agriculture: A review

Sanz-Cobeña

Lassaletta

Aguilera

et al. 2017

Agriculture, Ecosystems & Environment

229

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“…This process occurs in the absence of oxygen (anoxic environment) or at a very low level (hypoxic environment), which produces condensable gases and vapor, as well as charcoal [7]. The pyrolysis temperature alters the proportion of fulvic and humic acids in biochar [5], concentration of nutrients, such as phosphorous and nitrogen [8], pH and porosity [9]. Aromatic and hydrophobic structures give stability, enhancing recalcitrance, and acidic groups give reactivity [4], making biochar useful to increase chemical, physical and biological qualities of soils.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Mitigation of Greenhouse Gas Emissions from Tropical Soils Amended with Poultry Manure and Sugar Cane Straw Biochars

Novais¹,

Zenero²,

Frade³

et al. 2017

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Increases in greenhouse gases (GHG) emissions, upon changes in land use and agricultural management, lead to a search for techniques that enhance carbon residence time in soil. Pyrolysis increases the recalcitrance of organic materials and enhances their activities as physical, chemical and biological soil conditioners. Emissions of CO 2 , CH 4 and N 2 O quantified from a sandy soil that was treated with three rates (12.5, 25 e 50 Mg•ha −1 ) of either non-pyrolysed poultry manure and sugarcane straw or biochars, pyrolysed at two contrasting temperatures (350˚C and 650˚C). Subsequently, the flux of the three gases was converted and compared in a standard unit (CO 2 eq). The added biochars, significantly reduced GHG emissions, especially CO 2 , relative to the non-pyrolysed materials. The greatest differences between applied rates of poultry manure, relative sugarcane straw, both to biochar and raw material, and the positive response to the increase of pyrolysis temperture, confirm the importance of raw material choice for biochar production, with recalcitrance being an important initial characteristic. Greater emissions occurred with intermediate rate of biochars (25 Mg•ha −1 ) amendment to the soil. These intermediate rates had higher microbial biomass, provided by an intermediate C/N ratio derived from the original soil and the biochar, promoting combined levels of labile C and oxygen availability, leading to an optimal environment for microbiota.

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“…Different composts have varying concentrations of nutrients, depending on the source materials used for their preparation [72]. Concentrations of 1.4-2.5% total N, around 0.3-1.0% P and 2.1-2.9% K in the dry matter are common [72,73]. Most composts are prepared from varying amounts of animal manure, a bulking agent such as wheat straw [74,75] when needed (e.g., in the case of slurries), and very often, materials from other sources, such as olive pomace from two-or three-phase olive mills, OMW, grape husk, etc.…”

Section: Organic Materialsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…However, most of the N in compost is in organic form, which is less liable to migrate downward through the soil with water. Mineral N content in compost is usually one order of magnitude lower than total N [73]. Therefore, this potential disadvantage is expected to become a problem only if extremely high amounts of compost are applied locally.…”

Section: Organic Materialsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Sustainable Management of Olive Orchard Nutrition: A Review

et al. 2020

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Intensification of olive orchard management entails increased use of fertilizers, especially nitrogen, phosphorus, and potassium. In this review, plant responses to nutritional aspects, as well as environmental considerations, are discussed. Nutrient deficiency impairs production, whereas over-fertilization may reduce yields and oil quality, and increase environmental hazards and production costs. The effect of irrigation on nutrient availability and uptake is very significant. Application of organic matter (e.g., manure, compost) and cover crops can serve as substitutes for mineral fertilization with additional benefits to soil properties. Recycling of the pruned orchard material, olive pomace and olive mill wastewater, as well as the use of recycled wastewater for irrigation, are all potentially beneficial to olive orchard sustainability, but present the risk of environmental pollution. Some considerations regarding optimization of olive orchard nutrition are discussed.

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Compost vs biochar amendment: a two-year field study evaluating soil C build-up and N dynamics in an organically managed olive crop

Cited by 60 publications

References 52 publications

Strategies for greenhouse gas emissions mitigation in Mediterranean agriculture: A review

Strategies for greenhouse gas emissions mitigation in Mediterranean agriculture: A review

Mitigation of Greenhouse Gas Emissions from Tropical Soils Amended with Poultry Manure and Sugar Cane Straw Biochars

Sustainable Management of Olive Orchard Nutrition: A Review

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