Composting and vermicomposting of sewage sludge at various C/N ratios: Technological feasibility and end-product quality

Dume, Bayu; Hanč, Aleš; Švehla, Pavel; Míchal, Pavel; Chane, Abraham Demelash; Nigussie, Abebe

doi:10.1016/j.ecoenv.2023.115255

Cited by 16 publications

(2 citation statements)

References 83 publications

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“…Composting is a biological treatment method involving the controlled decomposition of organic waste under aerobic conditions through the use of the enzymatic activity of microorganisms [6,7]. Recycling sludge compost for agricultural use and soil improvement is often one of the most convenient, effective, and costeffective disposal options [1,8]. During the composting process, harmful substances and pathogens in sludge can be eliminated, and nutrients such as nitrogen and phosphorus can be recovered and converted into organic fertilizers [9].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Bacterial Community Succession in Earthworm Mucus and Sludge Compost and Its Relationship with Environmental Factors

Wang,

Zhang,

Fan

et al. 2024

Pol. J. Environ. Stud.

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This study investigated the effects of adding earthworm mucus on the changes in sludge compost bacterial community structure and its response to environmental factors. The results showed that adding earthworm mucus improved the composting effect of sludge, reducing nitrogen loss and increasing nutrients; nitrogen loss decreased by 5.55%, and potassium and phosphorus increased by 10.23 and 16.28%, respectively. Firmicutes, Chloroflexi, Actinobacteria, and Proteobacteria were the main bacterial phyla in the sludge, with a combined relative abundance of over 60%. The addition of earthworm mucus significantly impacted bacterial community structure and composting activity, increasing the relative abundance of dominant bacteria during the process. Redundancy analysis showed that environmental factors significantly impacted the changes in bacterial community structure during composting. The results indicate that the addition of earthworm mucus increases the relative abundance of advantageous bacteria playing essential roles in sludge composting, enhancing the fertility and maturity of sludge composting products by significantly reducing nitrogen loss and increasing potassium and phosphorus. Based on the response relationship between environmental factors and bacterial communities, the bacterial community structure in sludge composting can be improved by regulating environmental factors (such as pH and moisture content), enhancing the effectiveness of sludge composting.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Many studies have added improved materials to sludge compost to achieve synergistic effects in stabilizing waste, and in recent years, significant achievements have been made in cocomposting sludge with various additives to improve the quality and maturity of compost, such as rice husks, earthworms, biochar, and sawdust. [7,8,11,12].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Bacterial Community Succession in Earthworm Mucus and Sludge Compost and Its Relationship with Environmental Factors

Wang,

Zhang,

Fan

et al. 2024

Pol. J. Environ. Stud.

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Bio-stabilization of toxic weeds (Xanthium strumarium and Lantana camara) implementing mono- and polyculture of Eisenia fetida and Eudrilus eugeniae

Das,

Tangjang

2024

Environ Sci Pollut Res

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The present study investigates the synergistic impact of earthworms (Eisenia fetida, Eudrilus eugeniae) and microbes during vermicomposting of invasive weed phytomass (Xanthium strumarium and Lantana camara). Evaluating both mono-and polyculture techniques, the research highlights the potential dual bene t of weed control and organic fertilizer production through vermitechnology. The study assesses vermicompost production, and physicochemical pro les such as pH, conductivity, total organic carbon, nitrogen, phosphorus, potassium, calcium, trace elements, and heavy metals in the end product. The Ash content, humi cation index, and C/N ratio analysis were conducted to assess the maturity of the vermicompost. The macronutrient enhancement in the vermicompost samples was recorded 1.5-2.47-fold for total N, 1.19-1.48-fold in available P, 1.1-1.2-fold in total K, and 1.1-1.18--fold in total Ca. The germination index reveals a signi cant reduction in phytotoxicity, suggesting the production of mature and suitable vermicompost for agricultural use. Further, the earthworm population and biomass has signi cantly increased by the end of the 60-day experimental trial.

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Evaluation of selective clay minerals and biochar as materials for sewage sludge stabilization

Balidakis,

Matsi,

Ipsilantis

et al. 2023

Int. J. Environ. Sci. Technol.

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The objectives of this study were to evaluate sewage sludge’s stabilization with untested until now materials, such as selective clay minerals or biochar in comparison with liming, for enhancing sludge’s fertilization capacity. Dewatered sewage sludge was mixed with bentonite, vermiculite, zeolite, biochar or lime at rates of 0, 15 and 30%, air-dried and analyzed for pathogens and chemical properties. Almost all fecal indicators of treated sludge with 15% bentonite, vermiculite or biochar were reduced by at least one-logarithmic unit (log10) (indicative value of sludge’s stabilization), whereas those of limed sludge were undetectable. Electrical conductivity of all treatments significantly increased, and the highest values were obtained for untreated (6.1 dS m−1) and limed sludge (above 7.0 dS m−1 for both addition rates). The untreated sludge had the significantly highest water-soluble ammonium-nitrogen (2817 mg kg−1) and phosphorus (263 mg kg−1) concentrations followed by sludge treated with bentonite, vermiculite or biochar, whereas limed sludge had the lowest content. Boron concentration of the untreated sludge was similar to the treated sludge. Total concentrations of heavy metals were far below the legislative permissible levels for sludge’s agronomic use. Nutrients’ total content of treated sludge ranged at levels of similar magnitude to the untreated sludge, except for certain cases where they were increased because of the materials’ composition. Consequently, sewage sludge treated with 15% bentonite, vermiculite or biochar seems to be stabilized, retain bioavailable nitrogen and serve as a fertilizer of macro- and micronutrients. However, potential risks of agronomic use, i.e., soil salinization and boron phytotoxicity, should be considered.

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Composting and vermicomposting of sewage sludge at various C/N ratios: Technological feasibility and end-product quality

Cited by 16 publications

References 83 publications

Bacterial Community Succession in Earthworm Mucus and Sludge Compost and Its Relationship with Environmental Factors

Bacterial Community Succession in Earthworm Mucus and Sludge Compost and Its Relationship with Environmental Factors

Bio-stabilization of toxic weeds (Xanthium strumarium and Lantana camara) implementing mono- and polyculture of Eisenia fetida and Eudrilus eugeniae

Evaluation of selective clay minerals and biochar as materials for sewage sludge stabilization

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