Comprehension of Famous Personal and Geographical Names in Global Aphasic Subjects

Yasuda, Kosaku; Ono, Yoshiharu

doi:10.1006/brln.1997.1856

Cited by 15 publications

(19 citation statements)

References 40 publications

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“…This contrasts with previous studies which have found that some people with aphasia understand proper nouns better than commons (e.g., Yasuda & Ono, 1998). However, the proper name advantage typically only emerges in severe global aphasia.…”

Section: Discussioncontrasting

confidence: 99%

Processing proper nouns in aphasia: Evidence from assessment and therapy

et al. 2004

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Background: Dissociations between proper and common names following brain damage have frequently been reported (see Yasuda, Nakamura, & Beckman, 2000, for review) and suggest that these different word classes are processed by distinct mechanisms. The dissociations are often observed in people with relatively pure impairments, but might also be expected more generally in aphasia. There is the further possibility that the different vocabulary groups require different therapy approaches. Yet, to our knowledge, no study has explored whether treatments that are known to be successful with common nouns are also successful with proper nouns. Aims: This study had two main aims: to compare the comprehension and production of common and proper nouns in 20 people with aphasia; and to investigate whether semantic naming therapy is equally effective for common and proper nouns. Methods & Procedures:A total of 20 people with aphasia were tested in their ability to comprehend and produce matched sets of proper and common nouns. The stimuli comprised: 20 famous people, 20 famous places, 20 high-familiarity common nouns, and 20 lowfamiliarity common nouns. Participants were also tested with personally relevant proper names, such as the names of family members. In the second phase of the study 10 of the original participants were given semantic therapy for both common and proper nouns. Experimental measures explored effects on treated and untreated words. Outcomes & Results: Initial testing found that comprehension scores were generally high, with no word class effect. In production, proper nouns were significantly more difficult to name than the matched common nouns. However, this finding excluded personally relevant proper nouns, which were the most successfully named items. Results from the second phase showed that semantic therapy was equally effective in improving naming of both common and proper nouns. As in many previous studies, effects were almost entirely confined to treated items. Conclusions: Our findings suggest that proper nouns induce more naming failures in aphasia than common nouns. However, despite this, they seem equally amenable to therapy. Clinical and theoretical implications are discussed.

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Section: Discussioncontrasting

confidence: 99%

Processing proper nouns in aphasia: Evidence from assessment and therapy

et al. 2004

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“…Yasuda and Ono (1989) added three severely aphasic patients and obtained the same result. The superior comprehension of people's names over common nouns has been repeatedly reported in globally or severely aphasic patents (Warrington and McCarthy 1987, Van Lancker and Klein 1990, Van Lancker et al 1991, Van Lancker and Nicklay 1992, McNeil et al 1994, Yasuda and Ono 1998a.…”

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confidence: 84%

Brain processing of proper names

Yasuda¹,

Beckmann²,

Nakamura³

2000

Aphasiology

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Proper names are of practical importance for verbal communication. For instance, they are indispensable for transmission of autobiographical information concerning a person. Recent studies have revealed that proper names are neuropsychologically and anatomically processed in a manner that differs from the processing of common nouns. The current review described proper names, which are labels attached to referents, as being without semantic meaning. The clinical data are presented regarding comprehension and retrieval of people's names, and memory of their unique properties. The validity of a cognitive neuropsychological model of people's name processing is also evaluated.The review suggests that after the initial memory consolidation of a name and a person by the left hemisphere's hippo/parahippocampus, the memory become established in the adjoining fusiform gyrus. Consequently, it is hypothesized that the fusiform gyrus forms a processing network for people's names with the temporal pole and postero temporo/occipital lobe. The research on geographical names, topographical names, and therapeutic approaches for deficits of proper names is also reviewed.

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“…For comprehension, studies of patients with focal LH lesions at various sites (Wapner & Gardner, 1979;Collins, 1991;Goodglass & Wingfield, 1993;Collins, 1991;Van Lancker & Klein, 1990;Van Lancker & Nicklay, 1992;Cipolotti, McNeil, & Warrington, 1993;Yasuda & Ono, 1998) and one study comparing patients with RH or LH damage (Van Lancker, Lanto, Klein, Riege, Hanson, & Metter, 1991) point to an intact RH as source of the preserved comprehension ability. In study of ''lesion overlap'' in 116 patients with focal lesions, defective visual recognition of persons was associated with maximal overlap in the right temporal region (Tranel, Damasio, & Damasio, 1997).…”

Section: Brain Sites For Proper Noun Processingmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…This finding was supported by performance of larger groups of unilaterally brain-damaged patients; patients with RH damage were significantly more impaired on famous name recognition than matched patients with LH damage (Van Lancker, Lanto, Klein, Riege, Hanson, & Metter, 1991). Additional studies soon followed that supported the finding for preserved spoken and/or written geographical and/or famous personal names in left-hemisphere brain damage (Goodglass & Wingfield, 1993;Cipolotti, McNeil, & Warrington, 1993;Cipolotti & Warrington, 1995;Yasuda & Ono, 1998). In describing the globally aphasic patient MED, who retained the ability to comprehend proper nouns, the authors refer to the common noun deficit as a ''category specific access disorder'' .…”

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confidence: 98%