Comprehensive assessment of food and nutrient intake of children and adolescents in Germany: EsKiMo II – the eating study as a KiGGS module

Barbosa, Clarissa Lage; Brettschneider, Anna-Kristin; Lehmann, Franziska; Frank, M.; Heide, Karoline; Patelakis, Eleni; Perlitz, Hanna; Krause, Laura; Houben, Robin; Butschalowsky, Hans; Richter, Almut; Kamtsiuris, Panagiotis; Mensink, Gert B. M.

doi:10.1186/s40795-017-0196-5

Cited by 13 publications

(9 citation statements)

References 26 publications

(26 reference statements)

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“…For EsKiMo II, an age-and sex-stratified sample of 2644 children and adolescents aged 6-17 years was drawn from the study sample of the cross-sectional part from KiGGS Wave 2. Since different instruments were used to assess food consumption depending on participants' age (18,19) , the present analysis is restricted to 1353 adolescents aged from 12 to 17 years.…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…About a decade later, EsKiMo II (2015-2017) was conducted as part of KiGGS Wave 2. This newly available information about food consumption of children and adolescents living in Germany may help to identify deficits and excesses in food consumption and risk groups (18,19) . The aim of this analysis is to describe the food consumption among 12-to 17-yearold adolescents in general and to stratify it by SES as well as by the region of residence and to evaluate their food consumption in relation to German food-based dietary guidelines according to the concept of the Optimized Mixed Diet (OMD) (20) .…”

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confidence: 99%

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Adherence to food-based dietary guidelines among adolescents in Germany according to socio-economic status and region: results from Eating Study as a KiGGS Module (EsKiMo) II

Brettschneider

Barbosa

Lehmann

et al. 2021

Public Health Nutr.

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Objective: Dietary habits developed during childhood and adolescence are likely to continue into adulthood. An unbalanced diet may cause nutrient deficiencies and excessive energy intake; these enhance the risk for developing overweight and obesity and their co-morbidities. In the present analysis, food consumption of adolescents is described and evaluated against German food-based dietary guidelines with special focus on socio-economic status (SES) and region of residence. Design: Within the ‘German Health Interview and Examination Survey for Children and Adolescents’ (KiGGS Wave 2), the cross-sectional ‘Eating Study as a KiGGS Module’ (EsKiMo II) was conducted from 2015 until 2017 to provide data about dietary behaviour. Setting: Germany. Participants: 1353 adolescents aged 12–17 years from a nationwide representative sample with food consumption data from computer-assisted dietary history interviews. Results: The median consumption of fruits, vegetables, starchy foods and milk/dairy products among adolescents in Germany was below the recommendation. The median consumption of both meat/meat products and unfavourable foods, like confectionery, which should be consumed sparingly, was about 1·5 times the recommended amount. The total amount of beverages consumed by most adolescents was above the minimum amount recommended. Soft drink consumption of adolescents with a low SES was three to five times higher than soft drink consumption of adolescents with a high SES. Conclusions: The results indicate the need for an improvement of dietary habits among adolescents in Germany. Further approaches to promote healthy diets in Germany should be continued, and the focus on social inequalities should be strengthened.

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Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

mentioning

confidence: 99%

Adherence to food-based dietary guidelines among adolescents in Germany according to socio-economic status and region: results from Eating Study as a KiGGS Module (EsKiMo) II

Brettschneider

Barbosa

Lehmann

et al. 2021

Public Health Nutr.

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“…Written informed consent was obtained from all parents or legal guardians and participants aged 14 years and older prior to the study interviews and examinations. Details on the methodology of EsKiMo II can be found elsewhere [11,12,13].…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Use of vitamin and mineral supplements among adolescents living in Germany—Results from EsKiMo II

et al. 2019

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Dietary supplements may contribute to nutrient intake; however, actual data on dietary supplement use among adolescents living in Germany are rare. The aim of this analysis was to describe the current use of dietary supplements, its determinants, and reasons of use. Changes in supplement use over time were evaluated by comparing the results with those from EsKiMo I (2006). Data from the Eating Study as a KiGGS Module EsKiMo II (2015–2017) were used to analyze supplement intake according to sociodemographic, health characteristics, and physical exercise behavior of 12–17-year-olds (n = 1356). Supplement use during the past four weeks was assessed by a standardized computer assisted personal interview. Multivariable logistic regression was used to identify the association between supplement use and its determinants. Between 2015–2017, 16.4% (95%-CI: 13.0–19.7%) of the adolescents used dietary supplements, and its use decreased with lower levels of physical exercise and overweight. Most supplement users used only one supplement, often containing both vitamins and minerals. The most frequently supplemented nutrients were vitamin C and magnesium. The main reported reason to use supplements was ‘to improve health’. Prevalence of supplement use was slightly lower in 2015-2017 than in 2006 (18.5%; 95%-CI: 15.8–21.2%). The results underline the importance of including nutrient intake through dietary supplements in nutrition surveys.

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“…Die Eltern wurden gebeten, die für die Speisenzubereitung verwendeten Rezepte zu dokumentieren. Falls Rezeptangaben fehlten, wurde bei der Datenaufbereitung ein Standardrezept aus dem Bundeslebensmittelschlüssel Version 3.02 (BLS 3.02, Max Rubner-Institut, Karlsruhe 9 ) verwendet 6 10 11 . Verzehrprotokolle liegen von 1.190 Kindern vor, darunter 584 Mädchen und 606 Jungen.…”

Section: Methodikunclassified

Klimarelevante Ernährungsgewohnheiten: Zu welchen Mahlzeiten und wie häufig essen 6- bis 11-Jährige Fleisch und Wurstwaren?

et al. 2023

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Zusammenfassung Hintergrund Die aktuellen Klimaveränderungen sind eine der größten Herausforderungen für Public Health. Im Hinblick auf die Ernährung trägt die Produktion tierischer Lebensmittel erheblich zu den Treibhausgasemissionen bei. Bereits im Kindesalter wird in Deutschland oftmals mehr Fleisch und Wurst gegessen, als im Rahmen einer gesunden Ernährung empfohlen wird. Als Grundlage für bedarfsgerechte und zielgruppenspezifische Interventionen ist es wichtig, die Ernährungsgewohnheiten von Kindern besser zu verstehen. Methodik Für 6- bis 11-Jährige wird der Verzehr von Fleisch und Wurstwaren detailliert analysiert. Dabei werden Verzehrmengen und -häufigkeiten, insbesondere in Bezug auf die einzelnen Mahlzeiten, betrachtet. Grundlage sind 4-Tages-Verzehrprotokolle von 1.190 Teilnehmenden dieser Altersgruppe aus der Studie EsKiMo II (Ernährungsstudie als KiGGS Modul, 2. Erhebung), die 2015-2017 deutschlandweit durchgeführt wurde. Ergebnisse Im Mittel essen die Kinder pro Tag 71 g Fleisch und Wurstwaren, 2/3 davon zum Mittag- und Abendessen. Es wird mehr rotes Fleisch (Schweine-, Rind- und Lammfleisch) als Geflügelfleisch gewählt. Fast die Hälfte der Kinder isst zweimal täglich diese Lebensmittel, weitere 40% isst sie einmal täglich. Lediglich fünf Prozent der Kinder isst seltener als einmal täglich Fleisch oder Wurstwaren. Schlussfolgerung Fleisch und Wurstwaren sind somit für nahezu alle Kinder in diesem Alter Bestandteil ihrer täglichen Verzehrsgewohnheiten mit einem insgesamt hohen Verzehr sowohl bei Jungen als auch bei Mädchen. Geringere Verzehrmengen könnten insgesamt durch einen selteneren Verzehr, insbesondere mittags und abends erreicht werden (z. B. vegetarische Mittagsgerichte, alternative Brotbeläge). Besonders Angebote der Gemeinschaftsverpflegung können hier mittags einen wichtigen Beitrag zu einer gesunden und klimafreundlichen Ernährung leisten. Auch Familien sind gefragt, das gemeinsame Abendessen häufiger fleischlos zu gestalten.

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Comprehensive assessment of food and nutrient intake of children and adolescents in Germany: EsKiMo II – the eating study as a KiGGS module

Cited by 13 publications

References 26 publications

Adherence to food-based dietary guidelines among adolescents in Germany according to socio-economic status and region: results from Eating Study as a KiGGS Module (EsKiMo) II

Adherence to food-based dietary guidelines among adolescents in Germany according to socio-economic status and region: results from Eating Study as a KiGGS Module (EsKiMo) II

Use of vitamin and mineral supplements among adolescents living in Germany—Results from EsKiMo II

Klimarelevante Ernährungsgewohnheiten: Zu welchen Mahlzeiten und wie häufig essen 6- bis 11-Jährige Fleisch und Wurstwaren?

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