“…[15] However, the wet-spinning of collagen fibers, as of yet, has failed to yield nature-like structures, bioactivities, or mechanical strength. [16] Previous studies on the production of collagen fibers out of diluted acids [12,13,[17][18][19][20][21] upon coagulation in pure ethanol, [12] phosphate buffered saline (PBS) buffers, [22] or polyethylene glycol (PEG)-containing buf fers, [11,17,19,21,23] required additional chemical crosslinking using genipin, [13] glutaraldehyde, [13] 1-ethyl-3-(3-dimethylaminopropyl) carbodiimide/N-hydroxysuccinimide (EDC/ NHS), [12,24] glyoxal, [23] or formaldehyde [20] to ensure acceptable mechanical properties. While previous studies focused on crosslinking strategies to enhance the mechanical properties of spun fibers, emphasis on determining the effect of these crosslinking processes on host tissue responses was neglected.…”