Comprehensive comparison of chemically enhanced primary treatment and high-rate activated sludge in novel wastewater treatment plant configurations

Taboada-Santos, Antón; Rivadulla, Enrique; Paredes, Lidia; Carballa, Marta; Romalde, Jesús L.; Lema, Juan M.

doi:10.1016/j.watres.2019.115258

Cited by 84 publications

(30 citation statements)

References 58 publications

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“…Regarding NP, TCS and BPA, similar Kd values have also been reported in previous studies [42,70,71]. On the contrary, recently, Taboada-Santos et al [9], in secondary sludge samples from an HRAS system, found lower Kd values for IBF, NPX and DCF (16 ± 16, 18 ± 12, 21 ± 2 L/kgSS, respectively) and much higher values calculated for TCS (8748 ± 1635 L/kgSS). There are several studies where Kd values varied over a wide range [20].…”

Section: Fate Of Emerging Contaminants During Hras Treatmentsupporting

confidence: 87%

“…For IBF, DCF and KFN, it was estimated that less than 2% of the initial mass was removed via sorption and the major amount of the substances was biotransformed in both systems (Figure 3). Taboata-Santos et al [9] reported similar removal efficiencies for DCF (10-20%) and NPX (40-70%) in a HRAS system, whereas higher removal efficiency was observed for TCS and IBF (around 80%). Moreover, in the cases of IBF, DCF and NPX, they found that the entire removal took place via biotransformation, while for TCS, half of its removal was attributed to sorption.…”

Section: Fate Of Emerging Contaminants During Hras Treatmentmentioning

confidence: 87%

“…To the best of our knowledge, this is the first study that investigated the removal of both EDCs and PhACs, naturally occurring in municipal wastewater in HRAS reactors. Recently, Taboada-Santos et al [9] studied the fate of some ECs in a 2 L laboratory HRAS system operating at an SRT of 1 d and HRT of 2 h. According to the experimental protocol, the target ECs were spiked at the influent stream, at a concentration ranging between 1 to 20 ng/L. Taboada-Santos et al [9] found that IBF and TCS removal was high (around 80% removal for both compounds), while the removal efficiencies for NPX and DCF were close to the values found in the present study.…”

Section: Removal Of Emerging Contaminants In Hras Systemsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Biogas production through anaerobic digestion of activated sludge is carried out by means of recovering the chemical energy stored in wastewater [8]; however, the low organic matter diverted to the sludge line (due to its consumption during denitrification) restricts the energy production. Recently, new configurations of wastewater treatment have been proposed that could result in up to a 60% reduction in energy consumption for aeration needs [9]. Among these technologies, High-Rate Activated Sludge (HRAS) systems are increasingly being studied [3,10].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…So far, the removal efficiency and the fate of ECs during the CAS process have been well-documented [24,26,29,33], while only one study, performed in a lab-scale reactor, is available in the literature regarding the efficiency of HRAS systems [9]. To the best of our knowledge, this study is the first of its kind, since it has been conducted in two lab-scale HRAS systems which were fed with actual municipal wastewater and the targeted ECs were at concentrations naturally occurring in municipal wastewater.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Fate of Emerging Contaminants in High-Rate Activated Sludge Systems

Koumaki

Noutsopoulos

Mamais

et al. 2021

IJERPH

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High-rate activated sludge (HRAS) systems are designed to shift the energy-intensive processes to energy-saving and sustainable technologies for wastewater treatment. The high food-to-microorganism (F/M) ratios and low solid retention times (SRTs) and hydraulic retention times (HRTs) applied in HRAS systems result in the maximization of organic matter diversion to the sludge which can produce large amounts of biogas during anaerobic digestion, thus moving toward energy-neutral (or positive) treatment processes. However, in addition to the energy optimization, the removal of emerging contaminants (ECs) is the new challenge in wastewater treatment. In the context of this study, the removal efficiencies and the fates of selected ECs (three endocrine disruptors (endocrine disrupting chemicals (EDCs))—nonylphenol, bisphenol A and triclosan, and four pharmaceuticals (PhACs)—ibuprofen, naproxen, diclofenac and ketoprofen) in HRAS systems have been studied. According to the results, EDCs occurred in raw wastewater and secondary sludge at higher concentrations compared to PhACs. In HRAS operating schemes, all compounds were poorly (<40%) to moderately (<60%) removed. Regarding removal mechanisms, biotransformation was found to be the dominant process for PhACs, while for EDCs sorption onto sludge is the most significant removal mechanism affecting their fates and their presence in excess sludge.

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Section: Fate Of Emerging Contaminants During Hras Treatmentsupporting

confidence: 87%

Section: Fate Of Emerging Contaminants During Hras Treatmentmentioning

confidence: 87%

Section: Removal Of Emerging Contaminants In Hras Systemsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Fate of Emerging Contaminants in High-Rate Activated Sludge Systems

Koumaki

Noutsopoulos

Mamais

et al. 2021

IJERPH

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Chemically enhanced primary treatment of municipal wastewater with ferrate(VI)

Zheng

Feng

Liu

et al. 2020

Water Environment Research

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Chemically enhanced primary treatment (CEPT) with ferrate(VI), a multifunctional treatment agent, was investigated for the treatment of municipal wastewater in a laboratory‐scale study. The treatment performance was evaluated at different ferrate(VI) doses (0.0–9.0 mg/L as Fe) and pH (6.0 and 7.5). The optimal removals of total suspended solids (TSS) (52%), total chemical oxygen demand (COD) (34%), and total phosphorus (47%) were achieved at the highest ferrate(VI) dose (9.0 mg/L as Fe) and the weakly alkaline condition (pH 7.5). The pollutant abatements principally ascribed to the formation of large‐sized aggregate and ensuing sedimentation fell within the reported ranges of CEPT with traditional coagulants. However, different from conventional CEPT, ferrate(VI) appreciably removed recalcitrant dissolved organic phosphorus (49%) and simultaneously inactivated total coliform (3.30 log removal) and Escherichia coli (3.67 log removal) at 9.0 mg/L Fe(VI) and pH 7.5. The CEPT with ferrate(VI) offers an innovative alternative for improving municipal wastewater treatment. Practitioner points Ferrate(VI) represents a promising agent for chemically enhanced primary treatment (CEPT) of municipal wastewater. CEPT with ferrate(VI) can effectively alleviate TSS, total COD, and total P via the formation of large‐sized aggregates and ensuing sedimentation. Ferrate(VI) can substantially remove recalcitrant dissolved organic phosphorus in municipal wastewater. Different from other CEPT coagulants, ferrate(VI) can appreciably inactivate bacterial indicators during CEPT. Higher ferrate(VI) dose and weakly alkaline pH favor the performance of ferrate(VI) CEPT.

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