Comprehensive Effects of a Respiratory Rehabilitation Program in a Patient with Severe COVID-19: A Case Report

Abstract

Purpose: This study was designed to determine the comprehensive effects of a respiratory rehabilitation program on the immune system, pulmonary function, motor ability, and activities of daily living (ADLs) in a patient with severe coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19).
 Methods: A 73-year-old female patient diagnosed with severe COVID-19 was recruited at OO university hospital. The respiratory rehabilitation program was conducted for 8 weeks, 5 days per week, for 120 min per day, and consisted of aerobic and strength exercises. We assessed the changes in the immune system-related cells and inflammatory markers, dyspnea, coughing ability, respiratory muscle strength, pulmonary functions, upper and lower extremity strength, balance, walking speed, and ADLs.
 Results: The lymphocytes showed a meaningful increase after the intervention, whereas the level of C-reactive protein and erythrocyte sedimentation rate decreased, suggesting the setting down of inflammation. COVID-19-related dyspnea was reduced, and the coughing ability of the patient was improved. Finally, there were remarkable increases in the upper and lower extremity strength, balance, walking speed, and ADL assessments.
 Conclusion: Hence, we suggest that the respiratory rehabilitation program, which includes aerobic and strength exercises, helps patients with COVID-19 relieve the main symptoms, such as dyspnea and cough, and improve the immune system and pulmonary function, motor ability, and ADLs.