Comprehensive evaluation for the one-pot biosynthesis of butyl acetate by using microbial mono- and co-cultures

Abstract

Background Butyl acetate has shown wide applications in food, cosmetics, medicine, and biofuel sectors. These short-chain fatty acid esters can be produced by either chemical or biological synthetic process with corresponding alcohols and acids. Currently, biosynthesis of short chain fatty acid esters, such as butyl butyrate, through microbial fermentation systems has been achieved; however, few studies regarding biosynthesis of butyl acetate were reported. Results In this study, three proof-of-principle strategies for the one-pot butyl acetate production from glucose through microbial fermentation were designed and evaluated. (1) 7.3 g/L of butyl acetate was synthesized by butanol-producing Clostridium acetobutylicum NJ4 with the supplementation of exogenous acetic acid; (2) With the addition of butanol, 5.76 g/L of butyl acetate can be synthesized by acetate-producing Actinobacillus succinogenes130z (ΔpflA); (3) Microbial co-culture of C. acetobutylicum NJ4 and A. succinogenes130z (ΔpflA) can directly produce 2.2 g/L of butyl acetate from glucose by using microbial co-culture system with the elimination of precursors. Through the further immobilization of A. succinogenes130z (ΔpflA), butyl acetate production was improved to 2.86 g/L. Conclusion Different microbial mono- and co-culture systems for butyl acetate biosynthesis were successfully constructed. These strategies may be extended to the biosynthesis of a wide range of esters, especially to some longer chain ones.

Clostridium tyrobutyricum in Combination with Chito-oligosaccharides Modulate Inflammation and Gut Microbiota for Inflammatory Bowel Disease Treatment

“…These findings suggest that the enrichment of probiotics in the gavage groups may contribute to improved health observed in DSS-treated mice. The gut microbiota of the gavage groups demonstrated an enrichment of Bacteroides , Firmicutes , Proteobacteria , and Actinobacillus , which are prevalent intestinal bacteria known for producing SCFAs such as acetate, propionate, butyrate, and valerate. − This also explains the previously observed increase in the acetate, butyrate, and propionate levels. SCFA levels were significantly elevated in the gavage group with an even more pronounced increase observed in the synbiotic group.…”

Phages Shape Microbial Dynamics and Metabolism of a Model Community Mimicking Cider, a Fermented Beverage

“…Model microbial communities are often used for industrially-oriented research, for example, to enhance the metabolism of microbial strains in order to produce compounds of interest. For example, these microbial models have been developed for the production of bacterial cellulose-based composite materials [ 32 ], or for the biosynthesis of butyl acetate by co-cultures of Clostridium acetobutylicum and Actinobacillus succinogenes [ 33 ]. These model microbial communities can also be used to obtain knowledge about microbial interactions in nature [ 34 ].…”

Simultaneous fermentation and enzymatic biocatalysis—a useful process option?

“…(recombinant, expressed in A. niger ), 25 U mL −1 , 6.7 g L −1 Hexadecane 1:1 [ 69 ] Butyl-butyrate, 6.1 C. acetobutylicum , butanol Butyric acid, 5 Surface display of lipase on E coli Dodecane 2:1 [ 43 ] Butyl-butyrate, 8.5 C. tyrobutyricum, butyric acid Butanol, 10 Surface display of lipase on E coli Dodecane 2:1 Butyl-butyrate, 6.7 C. acetobutylicum , butanol, C. tyrobutyricum, butyric acid - Surface display of lipase on E coli Dodecane 2:1 Butyl-acetate, 3.6 C . acetobutylicum , butanol Acetic acid, 15 C. antarctica lipase B, 100 U mL −1 , 19.5 g L Dodecane 2:1 [ 44 ] Butyl-acetate, 2.9 A . succinogenes , acetic acid Butanol, 20 C. antarctica lipase B, 100 U mL −1 , 20 g L Dodecane 2:1 Butyl-acetate, 2.2 A .…”

“…The ester product spectrum can be expanded by combining further strains. For example, C. acetobutylicum and Actinobacillus succinogenes were co-cultivated to produce 2.2 g L −1 of butyl-acetate [ 44 ]. However, the amount of enzyme used, which was 20 g L −1 is almost ten times the amount of product formed.…”