Comprehensive Evaluation of High-Rate Algal Ponds: Wastewater Treatment and Biomass Production

Ranjan, Shashi; Gupta, Pankaj Kumar; Gupta, Sanjay

doi:10.1007/978-3-030-13909-4_22

Cited by 4 publications

(6 citation statements)

References 60 publications

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“…The majority of algae grow in mediums with pH levels between 7 and 9 [8,102]. However, some algae are alkalophilic with preferable pH values of 9 or even 10 and above, while other strains, such as the extremophilic thermoacidophilic microalgae, prefer mediums with pH values of 5-6, which were measured in the effluent of real WWTPs [8,101,102].…”

Section: Ph Variation Transfer Of Co 2 and O 2 Oversaturation Inhibitionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…CO 2 deprivation induces an increase in the pH value and the DO concentration in water. If not addressed properly, this process could lead to inefficient nutrient removal due to decreased algal activity and lower effluent quality [8,65,102]. Such dynamics of the three parameters-CO 2 , pH, and DO-occur in all algae-based wastewater treatment reactors [8,21,34,104].…”

Section: Ph Variation Transfer Of Co 2 and O 2 Oversaturation Inhibitionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Such dynamics of the three parameters-CO 2 , pH, and DO-occur in all algae-based wastewater treatment reactors [8,21,34,104]. Both the preferred pH level of the strain and the CO 2 concentration in the reactor should be synchronized, when this is possible, in order to achieve the most favorable conditions for the specifically used algal strain for the optimal removal of nutrients from the wastewater medium [8,102]. Also, high DO concentrations above the level of air saturation (0.225 mol O 2 m −3 at 20 • C) can hinder photosynthesis in most microalgae species, regardless of the concentration of carbon dioxide in the medium.…”

Section: Ph Variation Transfer Of Co 2 and O 2 Oversaturation Inhibitionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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A Review on the Reliability and the Readiness Level of Microalgae-Based Nutrient Recovery Technologies for Secondary Treated Effluent in Municipal Wastewater Treatment Plants

Valchev

Ribarova

2022

Processes

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Algae-based wastewater treatment technologies are promising green technologies with huge economical potential and environmental co-benefits. However, despite the immense research, work, and achievement, no publications were found wherein these technologies have been successfully applied in an operational environment for nitrogen and phosphorus removal of secondary treated effluent in municipal wastewater treatment plants. Based on a literature review and targeted comprehensive analysis, the paper seeks to identify the main reasons for this. The reliability (considering inlet wastewater quality variations, operating conditions and process control, algae harvesting method, and produced biomass) as well as the technology readiness level for five types of reactors are discussed. The review shows that the reactors with a higher level of control over the technological parameters are more reliable but algal post-treatment harvesting and additional costs are barriers for their deployment. The least reliable systems continue to be attractive for research due to the non-complex operation and relieved expenditure costs. The rotating biofilm systems are currently undertaking serious development due to their promising features. Among the remaining research gaps and challenges for all the reactor types are the identification of the optimal algal strains, establishment of technological parameters, overcoming seasonal variations in the effluent’s quality, and biomass harvesting.

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Section: Ph Variation Transfer Of Co 2 and O 2 Oversaturation Inhibitionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Ph Variation Transfer Of Co 2 and O 2 Oversaturation Inhibitionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Ph Variation Transfer Of Co 2 and O 2 Oversaturation Inhibitionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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A Review on the Reliability and the Readiness Level of Microalgae-Based Nutrient Recovery Technologies for Secondary Treated Effluent in Municipal Wastewater Treatment Plants

Valchev

Ribarova

2022

Processes

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“…For example, in disease prevention (Agudelo, 2020, Malagón et al, 2017, Castrillon et al, 2013, treatment of chronic diseases (de Morais et al, 2010), creation of cosmetics (Wang et al, 2015), production of biofertilizers (Silambarasan et al, 2020;Singh et al, 2019), animal feeding (Hernández y Labbé, 2014;Castrillon et al, 2013) and aquifers (Pachiappan et al, 2015;Lenihan et al, 2013), as adsorbent for metals and toxic substances (Leong, 2020;Sayadi et al, 2019;Malakootian et al, 2016), for wastewater remediation (Ranjan et al, 2019;Young et al, 2019), in the conversion of wastewater nutrients into biomass for biofuel production (Singh et al, 2019, Khan et al, 2018 and especially as a great alternative for bioenergy (Michelon, 2021) even for households (Silambarasan et al, 2020;Pérez et al, 2019), transportation and industry (Shin et al, 2019), in the creation of biorefineries (Araújo et al, 2021)), as a strategy for what is produced in the field for sustainable food (Araújo et al, 2021) and all this without affecting the environment (Chen et al, 2016;Benemann, 2003).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

The potential of microalgae for the development of innovative technologies for the protection and preservation of the environment

Gallegos-García

2023

JESN

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Microalgae are mainly known for their high nutritional value, protein and lipid content. They are used to enrich animal feeds and are recommended as food supplements in the human diet. Nowadays, it is possible to design the cultivation conditions of microalgae in order to produce them with the specific characteristics desired. Since this is so important, the aim of this work is to present the progress made by different research groups on the best cultivation conditions to optimize the intensive production of microalgae. It also presents the most recent lines of research on the use of microalgae for the care of the environment, their potential application in the remediation of air pollution, as well as their use in the removal of various toxic substances in water. The methodology used was to make an exhaustive bibliographic review of books, journals, theses and articles on the subject, showing in a simple, clear and summarized way that microalgae are an option of 100% natural use of multiple benefits in the protection and restoration of ecosystems, in addition to being a sustainable alternative to other technological options for the remediation of water and air pollution.

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“…Entre eles, é necessário aumentar a produtividade algal. Nos reatores de cultivo operados com esgoto doméstico, como as lagoas de alta taxa (LATs), a produtividade geralmente não ultrapassa 40 g/m².dia (PARK; CRAGGS, 2011;RANJAN;GUPTA;GUPTA, 2019), este valor máximo é cerca de 2x menor que o potencial teórico determinado para as condições ideais (77 g/m².dia) (MELIS, 2009).…”

Section: Introductionunclassified

Efeitos do cobre e zinco no tratamento da água residuária da suinocultura em lagoas de alta taxa e valorização energética da biomassa via carbonização hidrotérmica

Oliveira¹

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Nesse estudo foram avaliadas otimizações no processo integrado de cultivo de microalgas na água residuária da suinocultura (ARS) e conversão da biomassa em hidrochar. Para tanto, lagoas de alta taxa (LAT) em escala piloto foram alimentas com ARS com diferentes teores dos micronutrientes Cu e Zn considerando misturas desses elementos e também concentrações individuais. Para as misturas (0,1 - 3,0 mg Cu/L + 0,5 - 25,0 mg Zn/L), o maior número de células de microalgas foi estabelecido em 1,8 mg Cu/L + 15,0 mg Zn/L. Quando os teores individuais de Cu (0,1 - 4,0 mg Cu/L) ou Zn (0,5 – 70,0 mg Zn/L) foram variados, a condição mais propícia para o desenvolvimento algal foi obtido em 1,0 mg Cu/L e 40 mg Zn/L. Em todos os testes realizados ficou evidente que o Cu e o Zn comprometeram a remoção de nitrogênio amoniacal enquanto a redução de fósforo solúvel foi potencializada com a adequação desses micronutrientes. A remoção de Cu na ARS tratada em LAT variou de 46 a 91% com a precipitação sendo o processo predominante, já a remoção de Zn alcançou 78 a 99% no qual a adsorção pela biomassa foi um importante mecanismo. Ao analisar a constituição bioquímica das biomassas cultivadas em diferentes teores de Cu e Zn verificou-se que o conteúdo de lipídeos neutros (> 6%) é pouco atrativo para a obtenção de biodisel. Já os carboidratos atingiram 58,8% na biomassa seca livre de cinzas, com potencial para a conversão em hidrochar por meio da carbonização hidrotérmica (CHT). As cinzas também apresentaram concentrações expressivas (35 - 55%) sendo necessário identificar as interferências desse constituinte no processo de CHT. Para essa avaliação, quatro biomassas foram selecionadas e cada uma foi dividida em duas frações. Uma fração foi submetida ao pré-tratamento com solução ácida para redução de cinzas enquanto a outra permaneceu com o conteúdo de cinzas original. Ambas as frações foram utilizadas na CHT. Os resultados demostraram que o pré-tratamento favoreceu a recuperação de energia nos hidrochars a qual alcançou até 73,5%. Porém, as cinzas podem apresentar constituintes que atuam na hidrólise da biomassa ou como catalisadores. Assim, as cinzas possuem efeitos indesejáveis e favoráveis na CHT e os hidrochars produzidos com e sem a redução desse constituinte são indicados para aplicações energéticas e recuperação de áreas degradadas respectivamente. Palavras-chave: Bioremediação. Recuperação de nutrientes. Bioenergia.

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Comprehensive Evaluation of High-Rate Algal Ponds: Wastewater Treatment and Biomass Production

Cited by 4 publications

References 60 publications

A Review on the Reliability and the Readiness Level of Microalgae-Based Nutrient Recovery Technologies for Secondary Treated Effluent in Municipal Wastewater Treatment Plants

A Review on the Reliability and the Readiness Level of Microalgae-Based Nutrient Recovery Technologies for Secondary Treated Effluent in Municipal Wastewater Treatment Plants

The potential of microalgae for the development of innovative technologies for the protection and preservation of the environment

Efeitos do cobre e zinco no tratamento da água residuária da suinocultura em lagoas de alta taxa e valorização energética da biomassa via carbonização hidrotérmica

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