Comprehensive process and environmental impact analysis of integrated DBD plasma steam methane reforming

King, Benjamin; Patel, Darsh; Chen, Johnny Zhu; Drapanauskaitė, Donata; Handler, Robert M.; Nozaki, Tomohiro; Baltrušaitis, Jonas

doi:10.1016/j.fuel.2021.121328

Cited by 24 publications

(12 citation statements)

References 35 publications

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“…Environmental impacts of both simulation scenarios, CO 2 capture using MEA with and without PTC, were modeled using the SimaPro life cycle assessment software, version 9, using the Ecoinvent version 3 database to generate the full amount of life cycle inventory data obtained using the dynamic simulation. To account for the life cycle impacts of the circulating cooling water (CW), CW pump electricity of 0.000279 kWh/kg of CW, cooling tower fan electricity use of 0.0000286 kWh/kg CW, phosphoric acid of 0.00004 kg/kg of CW, sodium hypochlorite 15% concentration on a dry basis 0.000013 kg/kg of CW, and fresh river water makeup 0.07 kg/kg of CW were used. , Steam from a generic chemical industry eco profile and medium voltage electricity coming chiefly from the RFC, SERC, and WECC U.S. electric grid subregions were used to represent utility requirements for heat and power, respectively. EG was amortized over 10 years since it is not consumed during the process.…”

Section: Modeling Methodologymentioning

confidence: 99%

Sustainability Assessment of a Solar Energy-Assisted Flue Gas Amine-Based CO₂ Capture Process Using Fully Dynamic Process Models

Alzhrani,

Romero,

Baltrusaitis

2023

ACS Sustainable Chem. Eng.

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A new methodology to assess the feasibility and sustainability of the solar energy-assisted CO2 capture process using amine solution was developed that combined a conventional steady-state process model approximation, rigorous dynamic controllability study to handle external disturbances due to the renewable energy source integration, transient process inventory estimation, and the environmental impact assessment using life cycle analysis. In particular, a fully dynamic pressure-driven design of the postcombustion carbon dioxide (CO2) capture process based on solar energy-assisted amine absorption/stripping was performed to provide the techno-economic assessment based on realistic winter/summer daily flue gas feed patterns, natural fluctuations of solar irradiance, as well as the CO2 capture process disturbances resulting from those dynamic externalities. A steady-state design was performed to remove >90% by weight of CO2 from a pilot-plant scale flue gas source located in Al-Ahsa, Saudi Arabia, and compress it to ∼140 bar to supply for the enhanced oil recovery process. To decrease parasitic energy consumption in the stripper reboiler, steady-state design included a parabolic trough collector (PTC) that utilized ethylene glycol as a solar energy carrier at 153 °C. A dynamic process control structure was implemented to effectively handle (a) flue gas feed and (b) direct normal irradiance fluctuation disturbances during the daily cycles, and a complete process techno-economic assessment was performed using the obtained dynamic simulations data. For incomplete CO2 removal described here, dynamic fluctuations in the CO2 fraction removed were found to be proportional to the flue gas daily fluctuations. Environmental impacts based on a life cycle analysis showed a resulting environmental impact in all the measured categories compared to the steam-based scenario. For every 1000 kg of CO2 emissions averted, overall greenhouse emission savings of only 175 kg CO2 equivalent were obtained without PTC as obtained from the dynamically modeled results while 328 kg CO2 equivalent with PTC provided sustainably sourced energy. The proposed method is expected to be applicable not only for CO2 capture systems but also for plasma or electrochemical synthesis/separation of NH3, as well as provide a much better sustainability description to any green synthesis processes that involve dynamic externalities, such as solar energy supply, feed flow, and composition.

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Section: Modeling Methodologymentioning

confidence: 99%

Sustainability Assessment of a Solar Energy-Assisted Flue Gas Amine-Based CO₂ Capture Process Using Fully Dynamic Process Models

Alzhrani,

Romero,

Baltrusaitis

2023

ACS Sustainable Chem. Eng.

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“…[5,6] However, ethanol concentration in crude bioethanol is very low (about 3-5 mol%) with a large amount of water. [7] If such dilute bioethanol is directly used via steam reforming, R1, the steam (water) to ethanol ratio (19)(20)(21)(22)(23)(24)(25)(26)(27)(28)(29) in the dilute bioethanol is much higher than the stoichiometric ratio of 3, which results in low hydrogen concentration and high energy consumption for vaporizing. In addition, concentrating dilute bioethanol requires expensive separation (e.g., distillation) processes, which need a large amount of energy.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…[21][22][23] In particular, the fast response of plasma reforming enables it to utilize the fluctuant renewable electricity and convert the electric energy to chemical energy through the endothermic reforming process with high energy efficiency. [24,25] Steam reforming of ethanol and methane for hydrogen production has been reported using various nonthermal plasmas, such as dielectric barrier discharge (DBD), [26][27][28] corona discharge, [29][30][31] microwave discharge, [32][33][34] and gliding arc discharge. [35][36][37] In terms of the hydrogen production rate and energy efficiency, it was found that warm plasmas (e.g., gliding arc and microwave) are better than cold plasmas (e.g., DBD and corona) at a comparable range of reactant conversion.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Warm plasma catalytic coreforming of dilute bioethanol and methane for hydrogen production

Lian

Sun

et al. 2023

Plasma Processes & Polymers

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Toward hydrogen production from renewable sources, coreforming of dilute bioethanol (5 mol% ethanol) and methane using gliding arc discharge warm plasma is reported. For warm plasma alone, increases in methane to ethanol ratio and specific energy input lead to improving hydrogen yield, but low energy efficiency (<60%). The warm plasma coupled with Ni/CeO2/Al2O3 catalyst in a heat‐insulation reactor achieves an energy efficiency of 80%, but the large axial‐temperature drop of the catalyst bed causes low conversions. Therefore, additional heating is provided to maintain the catalyst bed temperature. Under optimal conditions, total carbon conversion of 97% and hydrogen yield of 78% are achieved with an energy cost of 1.16 kWh/Nm3 and energy efficiency of 85%.

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“…NTP can break down CO 2 and CH 4 at room temperature, addressing the issues related to high-temperature operations in conventional methods. DBD reactors, known for their simplicity and mild conditions, show potential for decarbonizing reforming processes. , …”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Actively Learned Optimal Sustainable Operation of Plasma-Catalyzed Methane Bireforming on La_0.7Ce_0.3NiO₃ Perovskite Catalyst

Gonzalez-Casamachin,

Qin,

Huang

et al. 2023

ACS Sustainable Chem. Eng.

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Plasma-catalytic bireforming of methane was studied and actively optimized using a La 0.7 Ce 0.3 NiO 3 perovskite catalyst via experimentation in tandem with response surface modeling. Plasma power, inlet flow rate, temperature, CO 2 /CH 4 ratio, and steam concentration were tuned to maximize a variety of process-and sustainability-based metrics. Analysis of the optimal conditions (with respect to different metrics) with and without the catalyst reveals that dry reforming is driven largely via noncatalytic reactions, while steam reforming and water gas shift reactions require the catalyst. The experimental outcome demonstrated that under optimum reaction conditions using the La 0.7 Ce 0.3 NiO 3 catalyst it is possible to minimize global warming potential (GWP), in terms of inferred CO 2 footprint normalized to hydrogen throughput, resulting in maximizing hydrogen yield through steam reforming (and water gas shift reactions) at an SEI of ≈12 eV/ molecule. Furthermore, the highest CH 4 conversion reached was 87% while the catalyst showed good activity stability in DBD plasma experiments.The actively learned iterative optimization procedure developed in this work allows for a direct juxtaposition of thermal (heat needed to make steam and heat the plasma reactor) and electrical (power requirement for plasma generation) carbon footprints in a highly nonlinear multivariate process. Furthermore, the corresponding GWP was calculated using a conventional electricity mix, wind electricity, and solar electricity, allowing a direct sustainability assessment in catalyst-assisted plasma conversion of carbonaceous feedstock to H 2 and CO.

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Comprehensive process and environmental impact analysis of integrated DBD plasma steam methane reforming

Cited by 24 publications

References 35 publications

Sustainability Assessment of a Solar Energy-Assisted Flue Gas Amine-Based CO₂ Capture Process Using Fully Dynamic Process Models

Sustainability Assessment of a Solar Energy-Assisted Flue Gas Amine-Based CO₂ Capture Process Using Fully Dynamic Process Models

Warm plasma catalytic coreforming of dilute bioethanol and methane for hydrogen production

Actively Learned Optimal Sustainable Operation of Plasma-Catalyzed Methane Bireforming on La_0.7Ce_0.3NiO₃ Perovskite Catalyst

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Comprehensive process and environmental impact analysis of integrated DBD plasma steam methane reforming

Cited by 24 publications

References 35 publications

Sustainability Assessment of a Solar Energy-Assisted Flue Gas Amine-Based CO2 Capture Process Using Fully Dynamic Process Models

Sustainability Assessment of a Solar Energy-Assisted Flue Gas Amine-Based CO2 Capture Process Using Fully Dynamic Process Models

Warm plasma catalytic coreforming of dilute bioethanol and methane for hydrogen production

Actively Learned Optimal Sustainable Operation of Plasma-Catalyzed Methane Bireforming on La0.7Ce0.3NiO3 Perovskite Catalyst

Contact Info

Product

Resources

About

Sustainability Assessment of a Solar Energy-Assisted Flue Gas Amine-Based CO₂ Capture Process Using Fully Dynamic Process Models

Sustainability Assessment of a Solar Energy-Assisted Flue Gas Amine-Based CO₂ Capture Process Using Fully Dynamic Process Models

Actively Learned Optimal Sustainable Operation of Plasma-Catalyzed Methane Bireforming on La_0.7Ce_0.3NiO₃ Perovskite Catalyst