Comprehensive review and study of the buoyant air flow within positive-pressure hospital operating rooms

Investigation on the contaminant distribution with improved ventilation system in hospital isolation rooms: Effect of supply and exhaust air diffuser configurations

“…Instantaneous vector patterns/streamlines are useful for flow determination. [17] In the related research [18] results, CFD simulation without moving healthcare staffs and experiment with moving healthcare staffs was not adversely affected. Therefore, numerical simulations were performed without moving HCWs.…”

“…Considering the breathed air, Hayashi et al [16] reported that the breathing volume of an adult under normal conditions was 6 L/min based on 0.7 met of activity during sleep (convective heat transfer 33.3 W/person), and the volume of exhaled air under normal conditions was 14.4 L/min. Abraham et al [17] used the large-eddy simulation (LES) method in an operation room (OR) and validated the model with fog flow visualization. It shows the value of such validation and the appropriate use of CFD.…”

A novel CFD analysis to minimize the spread of COVID-19 virus in hospital isolation room

“…In order to numerically model the laminar-transitional flows, transition SST k − ε model, which involves four transport equations are employed in the current study [5] . This special transition SST k − ε model is formed by a combination of the SST k − ω model along with two additional transport equations- one designed for the transition onset criteria while the other for flow separation induced transition, in terms of momentum thickness Reynolds number [1] , [5] , [21] . [15] developed the SST k − ω turbulence model for the first time to successfully combine the precise formulation in the near-wall region where positive pressure gradient exists.…”

Influence of inlet boundary conditions on 3D steady RANS simulations of non-isothermal mechanical ventilation in a generic closure

“…Buoyancy effects are modeled by the Boussinesq approximation, which is justified since βΔT max = 0.033 ≪ 1 [96], where ΔT max is the maximum temperature difference. The validity of Boussinesq approximation was verified at room air temperature with humans [9,[97][98][99]. The Coupled algorithm [96] is used to couple pressure and velocity.…”

“…Computational fluid dynamics (CFD) simulations are widely used to predict indoor airflow in enclosed spaces [1][2][3][4][5][6][7][8][9] or semi-enclosed spaces [10][11][12][13][14][15]. It is well known that CFD simulation results can be sensitive to many computational parameters and settings [16][17][18][19][20][21][22][23][24][25][26].…”