Comprehensive review on the positive and negative effects of various important regulators on male spermatogenesis and fertility

Abstract

With the increasing global incidence of infertility, the influence of environmental factors, lifestyle habits, and nutrients on reproductive health has gradually attracted the attention of researchers. The quantity and quality of sperm play vital roles in male fertility, and both characteristics can be affected by external and internal factors. In this review, the potential role of genetic, environmental, and endocrine factors; nutrients and trace elements in male reproductive health, spermatozoa function, and fertility potency and the underlying mechanisms are considered to provide a theoretical basis for clinical treatment of infertility.

Investigating the Impact of Carbon Nanotube Nanoparticle Exposure on Testicular Oxidative Stress and Histopathological Changes in Swiss albino Mice

“…The testes, being highly sensitive to oxidative stress, are particularly vulnerable to the detrimental effects of ROS, resulting in adverse outcomes such as DNA fragmentation, impaired sperm motility, and compromised sperm function, as noted in studies by refs and . Additionally, the redox potential within the testicular microenvironment plays a pivotal role in governing various physiological processes critical to fertility, including spermatogenesis and hormone production, as highlighted in research by refs and . Consequently, the reduction in the negative redox potential ratio has the potential to disrupt these essential processes, with possible consequences including impaired sperm production and function, hormonal imbalances, and ultimately compromise in male fertility.…”

Naringin from sweet orange peel improves testicular function in high fat diet-induced diabetic rats by modulating xanthine oxidase/uric acid signaling and maintaining redox balance

“…Oxidative stress and inflammation contribute to testicular dysfunction [ 34 ]. Spermatogenesis and sperm quality are greatly affected by excess ROS [ 35 ]. Also, sustained excessive ROS can trigger cytokines overproduction leading to inflammation which may arrest sperm production and impair sperm quality [ 36 ].…”

Endocrine disrupting chemicals and male fertility: from physiological to molecular effects

“…Xenobiotics connotatively alter human reproduction by affecting the development of gonads and gametogenesis. In particular, spermatogenesis is the process by which sperm cells are produced in the testes, and EDC exposure can potentially disrupt this process, leading to spermatogenesis failure or impaired sperm production ( 108 ). The spermatogenic cycle takes 74 days in humans (35 days in mice and 52 days in rats).…”