Comprehensive separation of iridoid glycosides and triterpenoid saponins from Dipsacus asper with salt‐containing solvent by high‐speed countercurrent chromatography coupled with recycling mode

Abstract

The roots of Dipsacus asper Wall as a commonly used traditional Chinese medicine are used for tonifying liver and kidney and strengthening bones and muscles. However, an effective separation strategy for comprehensive and rapid separation of the main active compounds from the roots of D. asper is nonexistent. This investigation provided an effective separation method based on AB-8 macroporous resin column chromatography using different ratios of ethanol in water and two different modes of high-speed countercurrent chromatography with salt-containing solvent system for rapid enrichment and separation from the roots of D. asper. The macroporous resin column chromatography was performed on AB-8 resin using ethanol in water ratios of 10, 30, 40, 50, and 80% as the optimized enrichment conditions for iridoid glycosides and triterpenoid saponins with different polarities. For high-speed countercurrent chromatography separation, the conventional and recycling modes were combined together to develop a strategy for 12 compounds (1-12) from the enriched parts of 30, 40, and 80% ethanol, including six high-polarity iridoid glycosides (1-6) using inorganic salt-containing solvent system and six triterpenoid saponins (7-12). Recycling high-speed countercurrent chromatography separation was successfully applied to separate two isomers (9 and 10) after 11 cycles. K E Y W O R D Shigh-speed countercurrent chromatography, iridoid glycosides, salt-containing solvent, traditional Chinese medicine, triterpenoid saponins

Separation of five flavonoids with similar polarity from Caragana korshinskii Kom. by preparative high speed counter‐current chromatography with recycling and heart cut mode

“…Compared with traditional column chromatography, HSCCC has the advantages of large sample loading, high recovery, high efficiency, and easy scale‐up potential [5,6]. In addition, the various modes available to date, such as normal phase [7,8], reverse phase [9,10], gradient mode [11,12], recycling mode [13,14], pH Zone refining [15,16], extrusion [17], and dual‐mode [18], have made it widely used in the isolation and purification of active components from natural products. However, it is sometimes not easy to find a suitable solvent system, especially for compounds with a similar polarity, to perform an ideal separation.…”

“…However, it is sometimes not easy to find a suitable solvent system, especially for compounds with a similar polarity, to perform an ideal separation. Fortunately, the recycling that especially coupled with heart cut mode of HSCCC could serve as a good choice for the separation of compounds with small differences in K values [13,14]. Furthermore, the application mainly focused on the semi‐preparative scale.…”

Optimization of Extraction or Purification Process of Multiple Components from Natural Products: Entropy Weight Method Combined with Plackett–Burman Design and Central Composite Design

“…Aiming to enrich the components of astragalosides, 10 kinds of macroporous resin with different polarities, such as non-polarity (D101, HPD-300, H-20, X-5, ADS-8), weak polarity (CAD-40, AB-8, DM130), medium polarity (HPD-400) and strong polarity (S-8, NKA-9), were selected in this experiment. It has been reported that macroporous resin with weak polarity had a special selectivity for saponins, which was suitable for the purification of saponins or some organic substances from aqueous solution [20]. The non-polar macroporous resin had good network structure and higher specific surface area, which selectively adsorbed organic substances from aqueous solution through physical adsorption.…”

A critical look at challenges and future scopes of bioactive compounds and their incorporations in the food, energy, and pharmaceutical sector

“…The separation is achieved without using any solid phase. The stationary liquid phase is retained on the column by gravitational or centrifugal forces alone Garcia-Vaquero and Rajauria 2018 Polygonum multiflorum roots Gallic acid, Catechin, Epicatechin, Polydatin, Piceatannol, Rutin, Resveratrol, Isorhapontigenin, Hyperoside, Rhein, Emodin, 2,3,5,4′-Tetrahydroxy stilbene-2-Ο-β-D-glucoside Liu et al 2020 Lycium barbarum fruits Zeaxanthin, Zeaxanthin monopalmitate, Zeaxanthin dipalmitate Gong et al 2020 Dipsacus asper roots Iridoid glycosides, Triterpenoid saponins Yu et al 2020 High-performance thin layer chromatography (HPTLC) The principle is like TLC but with different particle size distribution and thickness of sorbent layers Maimaiti et al 2020 High-performance thin-layer chromatography-heated electrospray ionization-high-resolution mass spectra (HPTLC-HESI-HRMS) Abelmoschus moschatus Behenic acid, Arachidic acid, Stearic acid, Oleic acid, Linoleic acid, Palmitic acid Chandana and Morlock 2021 Vernonia anthelmintica 3,4-O-dicaffeoyl Quinicacid, 3,5-O-dicaffeoyl quinic acid, 4,5-O-dicaffeoyl quinic acid Maimaiti et al 2020 Musa acuminata peel Quercetin, Catechin, Rutin Vijay et al 2019 Nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR) …”