Comprehensive view of the population history of<scp>A</scp>rabia as inferred by mt<scp>DNA</scp>variation

Černý, Viktor; Čížková, Martina; Poloni, Estella S.; Al‐Meeri, Ali; Mulligan, Connie J.

doi:10.1002/ajpa.22920

Cited by 19 publications

(15 citation statements)

References 80 publications

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“…At this period, Arab merchants were already dominating the Near East trading routes, whose influence can be seen by the numerous gene flows originating from the Arabian peninsula (Fig. 2A; Supplementary Table 2) 18, 19 .…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Genomic admixture tracks pulses of economic activity over 2,000 years in the Indian Ocean trading network

Brucato

Kusuma

Beaujard

et al. 2017

Sci Rep

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The Indian Ocean has long been a hub of interacting human populations. Following land- and sea-based routes, trade drove cultural contacts between far-distant ethnic groups in Asia, India, the Middle East and Africa, creating one of the world’s first proto-globalized environments. However, the extent to which population mixing was mediated by trade is poorly understood. Reconstructing admixture times from genomic data in 3,006 individuals from 187 regional populations reveals a close association between bouts of human migration and trade volumes during the last 2,000 years across the Indian Ocean trading system. Temporal oscillations in trading activity match phases of contraction and expansion in migration, with high water marks following the expansion of the Silk Roads in the 5th century AD, the rise of maritime routes in the 11th century and a drastic restructuring of the trade network following the arrival of Europeans in the 16th century. The economic fluxes of the Indian Ocean trade network therefore directly shaped exchanges of genes, in addition to goods and concepts.

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Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Genomic admixture tracks pulses of economic activity over 2,000 years in the Indian Ocean trading network

Brucato

Kusuma

Beaujard

et al. 2017

Sci Rep

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“…PCR amplification was carried out using primers and previously published protocols (Černý et al, ; Černý et al, ). These sequences have previously appeared in several publications (Černý, Čížková, Poloni, Al‐Meeri, & Mulligan, ; Černý et al, ; Černý et al, ; Černý et al, ; Čížková et al, ; Podgorná, Soares, Pereira, & Černý, ; sequences listed in Table S1) but have never been viewed together or compared with a new Y‐STR dataset. In total, we included 535 mtDNA haplotypes.…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Subsistence strategy was the main factor driving population differentiation in the bidirectional corridor of the African Sahel

Nováčková

Čížková

Mokhtar

et al. 2020

American J Phys Anthropol

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Objectives: The Sahel belt is occupied by populations who use two types of subsistence strategy, nomadic pastoralism and sedentary farming, and who belong to three linguistic families, Niger-Congo, Nilo-Saharan, and Afro-Asiatic. Little is known, however, about the origins of these two populations and their mutual genetic relationships. Materials and Methods:We have built a large dataset of mitochondrial DNA sequences and Y chromosomal STR haplotypes of pastoralists and farmers belonging to all three linguistic phyla in the western, central, and eastern parts of the Sahel. We calculated pairwise genetic, geographic, and linguistic distances between populations and analyzed the effects of geography, language, and subsistence on population genetic structure.Results: We found that subsistence mode significantly contributed to the generally low population structure in the Sahel and that language affiliation plays a more important role for pastoralists than for farmers. We also demonstrated that geographic isolation significantly influenced the population structure of sedentary farmers but not of nomadic pastoralists. Finally, we found haplotypes shared between the Fulani and Arabic-speaking Baggara, supporting the theory of Baggarization, which explains the recent adaptation of Arabic-speaking nomads in the Sahel region through contact with autochthonous sub-Saharan populations.

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“…The role that the Arabian Peninsula played in recent migrations between Eurasia and Africa was further evaluated by using more extensive data sets . The results based on a large number of mtDNA sequences (among which 4563 haplotypes were identified) showed their uneven distribution in Arabia and neighbouring regions.…”

Section: Genetic Evidence On Sahelian Populationsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The role that the Arabian Peninsula played in recent migrations between Eurasia and Africa was further evaluated by using more extensive data sets. 71 The results based on a large number of mtDNA sequences (among which 4563 haplotypes were identified) showed their uneven distribution in Arabia and neighbouring regions. In fact, Arabian populations share higher proportions of haplotypes with populations from neighbouring regions than the latter between them, which suggests intensive migrations across the region.…”

Section: Uniparental Mtdna and Nry Markersmentioning

confidence: 99%

Genetic history of the African Sahelian populations

Černý

Kulichová

Poloni

et al. 2018

HLA

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From a biogeographic perspective, Africa is subdivided into distinct horizontal belts. Human populations living along the Sahel/Savannah belt south of the Sahara desert have often been overshadowed by extensive studies focusing on other African populations such as hunter-gatherers or Bantu in particular. However, the Sahel together with the Savannah bordering it in the south is a challenging region where people had and still have to cope with harsh climatic conditions and show resilient behaviours. Besides exponentially growing urban populations, several local groups leading various lifestyles and speaking languages belonging to three main linguistic families still live in rural localities across that region today. Thanks to several years of consistent population sampling throughout this area, the genetic history of the African Sahelian populations has been largely reconstructed and a deeper knowledge has been acquired regarding their adaptation to peculiar environments and/or subsistence modes. Distinct exposures to pathogens-in particular, malaria-likely contributed to their genetic differentiation for HLA genes. In addition, although food-producing strategies spread within the Sahel/Savannah belt relatively recently, during the last five millennia according to recent archaeological and archaeobotanical studies, remarkable amounts of genetic differences are also observed between sedentary farmers and more mobile pastoralists at multiple neutral and selected loci, reflecting both demographic effects and genetic adaptations to distinct cultural traits, such as dietary habits.

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Comprehensive view of the population history ofArabia as inferred by mtDNAvariation

Cited by 19 publications

References 80 publications

Genomic admixture tracks pulses of economic activity over 2,000 years in the Indian Ocean trading network

Genomic admixture tracks pulses of economic activity over 2,000 years in the Indian Ocean trading network

Subsistence strategy was the main factor driving population differentiation in the bidirectional corridor of the African Sahel

Genetic history of the African Sahelian populations

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