Compressed-domain temporal adaptation-resilient watermarking for H.264 video authentication

Shahabuddin, Sharmeen; Iqbal, Razib; Shirmohammadi, Shervin; Zhao, Jiying

doi:10.1109/icme.2009.5202860

Cited by 7 publications

(2 citation statements)

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“…Owing to the widespread use of multimedia products, the watermarking technology is used in various applications. These include: prevention of unauthorised distribution [1], broadcast monitoring [2], multimedia authentication [3], inserting meta-data for error correcting or improving coding efficiency [4] and adding archived data to multimedia products [5] are some applications of digital watermarking.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Luminance, contrast and structural similarity are three independent characteristics that could be compared between the two images. The SSIM index between two images x and y is defined as [9]: 3 ) measures structural correlation between x and y. Quantities μ x , σ x are the mean and variance of x, respectively and σ xy is the sample cross-covariance between x and y. Constants C 1 , C 2 and C 3 are defined to prevent ambiguous condition 0/0 in dark or smooth regions of x and y.…”

Section: Structural Similarity Index (Ssim Index)mentioning

confidence: 99%

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Minimisation of image watermarking side effects through subjective optimisation

Golestani¹,

Ghanbari

2013

IET Image Processing

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Abstract-This paper investigates the use of Structural Similaritys (SSIM) index on the minimized side effect to image watermarking. For fast implementation and more compatibility with the standard DCT based codecs, watermark insertion is carried out on the DCT coefficients and hence a SSIM model for DCT based watermarking is developed. For faster implementation, the SSIM index is maximized over independent 4x4 non-overlapped blocks but the disparity between the adjacent blocks reduces the overall image quality. This problem is resolved through optimization of overlapped blocks, but, the higher image quality is achieved at a cost of high computational complexity. To reduce the computational complexity while preserving the good quality, optimization of semi-overlapped blocks is introduced. We show that while SSIM-based optimization over overlapped blocks has as high as 64 times the complexity of the 4x4 nonoverlapped method, with semi-overlapped optimization the high quality of overlapped method is preserved only at a cost of less than 8 times the non-overlapped method.Index Terms-discrete cosine transform, semi-overlapped blocks, structural similarity, subjective quality, watermarking. I. INTRODUCTIONDigital watermarking is a technique of inserting a signature in a cover signal, such that the Human Visual System (HVS) is not able to recognize it, while, the inserted signature can be extracted using watermark detectors, or at least the existence of the watermark can be confirmed. Due to the widespread use of multimedia products, the watermarking technology is used in various applications. In the watermarking design process, there is a trade-off between the three parameters of: robustness, imperceptibility and data payload. Robustness is the ability of watermark restoration after attacks. Imperceptibility, which is the main subject of this paper, addresses the quality degradation of watermarked image. Finally, after determining the acceptable requirements for robustness and imperceptibility; data-payload or storage capacity is defined as the number of bits that can be inserted into certain parts of the digital product. Depending on considered application of watermarking, a reasonable compromise among the above parameters should be maintained.Watermarking systems try to insert data in such a way that the signal quality is preserved. This issue is crucial in some applications such as Medical Imaging [6]. However, controlling the side effect of inserting data on signal quality requires an objective metric for optimization. It is normally believed Mean Squared Error (MSE) objective quality is not a good measure for such a case, since it does not well correlate to the subjective quality measures [7]. In the past decade the Video Quality Experts Group (VQEG) [8] have recommended a set of quality metrics, with or without the reference to non-distorted images or even to partial references, where the objective image quality well correlates to the subjective measures. However, these tools are most suited for measurements of ...

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Structural Similarity Index (Ssim Index)mentioning

confidence: 99%

Minimisation of image watermarking side effects through subjective optimisation

Golestani¹,

Ghanbari

2013

IET Image Processing

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

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On Security of Content-Based Video Stream Authentication

Zhuo

Deng

et al. 2015

Computer Security -- ESORICS 2015

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A robust fingerprint watermark-based authentication scheme in H.264/AVC video

Nguyen

Tran

2014

Vietnam J Comput Sci

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In this paper, we propose a novel technique that uses fingerprint features with coordinates (x, y), angle and type of feature as watermark information for authentication in H.264/AVC video. We utilize some techniques such as Gabor algorithm, locally adaptive thresholding, and Hilditch's thinning together with heuristic rules and Hamming measurement to optimally extract minutiae vector (x, y, angle, type) from fingerprint as well as to improve accuracy of matching process. Furthermore, to make our scheme robust, the minutiae vector will be converted to binary stream which is increased three times and the lowest frequency of DCT blocks of transition images or frames in H.264 video is properly chosen to hold them. With our proposed technique, the authentication scheme can achieve high capacity and good quality. Experimental results show that our proposed technique is robust against to H.264 encoder, time stretching in video, Gaussian noise, adding blur, frame removal in video, and cutting some regions in the frame of video.

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Compressed-domain temporal adaptation-resilient watermarking for H.264 video authentication

Cited by 7 publications

References 10 publications

Minimisation of image watermarking side effects through subjective optimisation

Minimisation of image watermarking side effects through subjective optimisation

On Security of Content-Based Video Stream Authentication

A robust fingerprint watermark-based authentication scheme in H.264/AVC video

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