“…In reviewing the literature, it seems that the analytical model proposed by Lim and Ozbakkaloglu (2015b) may be extended to F-STC columns if modified by adding the confining stress of steel tube, as discusses in this paper. In addition, some experimental studies have been made to investigate the performance of F-STC columns under concentric compression (Guo et al, 2017(Guo et al, , 2019Liu et al, 2018Liu et al, , 2019Wang et al, 2018), eccentric compression (Xu et al, 2020a), and reversed cyclic loads (Cai et al, 2016;Wang et al, 2019). Xu et al (2020b) proposed a design-oriented model for circular F-STC columns under concentric compression, followed by the development of a design method for eccentrically loaded F-STC columns (Xu et al, 2020c).…”