Compressive strains generated by normal faulting

Brumbaugh, D. S.

doi:10.1130/0091-7613(1984)12<491:csgbnf>2.0.co;2

Cited by 7 publications

(4 citation statements)

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“…The hanging wall block undergoes mainly horizontal translation and remains largely undeformed until it reaches the ramp crest where fault blocks are calved off along 'reverse' faults and incorporated into the rotating footwall block. This simple model differs significantly from the three-block model used by Brumbaugh (1984) to account for the low-angle reverse faults and compressional folds in the hanging walls of some irregular extensional faults in central and southern Arizona.…”

Section: Displacement Path Analysismentioning

confidence: 98%

Listric extensional fault systems ‐ results of analogue model experiments

1988

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Analogue models are a powerful tool for investigating progressive deformation in extensional fault systems. This paper presents exciting new insights into the progressive evolution of hanging wall structures in listric extensional terranes. Analogue models, scaled to simulate deformation in a sedimentary sequence, were constructed for simple listric and ramp/flat listric extensional detachments. For each detachment geometry homogeneous sand, sand/mica and sand/clay models were used to simulate respectively, deformation of isotropic sediments, of anisotropic sediments and of sedimentary sequences with competency contrasts.Roll-over anticlines with geometrically necessary crestal collapse graben structures are characteristic of the steepening-upwards segments of listric extensional fault systems in all of our models. With progressive deformation, crestal collapse grabens show hanging wall nucleation of new faults. Variations in graben size, amount of fault rotation and throw, are dependent on detachment curvature and amount of extension. Individual faults and associated fault blocks may significantly change shape during extension. Complex and apparently conjugate fault arrays are the result of superposition of successive crestal collapse grabens.Ramp/flat listric extensional fault systems are characterized by a roll-over anticline and a crestal collapse graben system associated with each steepening-upwards segment of the detachment and a ramp zone consisting of a hanging wall syncline and a complex deformation zone with local reverse faults. The roll-over anticlines and crestal collapse graben are similar in geometry to those formed in simple listric extensional systems.The models demonstrate that the geometry of the detachments exerts a fundamental control on the evolution of hanging wall structures. Analysis of particle displacement paths for these experiments provides new insights into the mechanical development of roll-over anticlines. Two general models for deformation a b o 4 simple listric and ramp/flat listric extensional detachments have been erected.

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Section: Displacement Path Analysismentioning

confidence: 98%

Listric extensional fault systems ‐ results of analogue model experiments

1988

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“…Existem, no entanto, registros, na literatura, como, por exemplo, o de Brumbaugh (1984), da região central e sul do Arizona (E.U.A). Modelos analó-gicos desenvolvidos por McClay e Scott (1991) também revelam que patamares curtos ou pequenas perturbações na geometria lístrica de um descolamento normal podem gerar falhas secundárias reversas em regime extensional e, associadas a estas, dobras antiformais (Figura 7).…”

Section: Discussão E Conclusãounclassified

O Graben de Apodi, região sudoeste da bacia Potiguar, RN, uma interpretação com base em seções sísmicas e dados de poços

Hoerlle

Gomes

Matos³

2007

Rem: Rev. Esc. Minas

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Section: Forward Modelsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Originally, high-to moderate-angle faults are rotated to lower dip angles. Minor reverse faulting is created locally and is needed to accommodate relative block displacement (section CC', blocks 3-4 and 14-15) in a way similar to that described by Brumbaugh [1984]. Toward the border of the extended domain, hanging wall rollover [Gibbs, 1984] and BB', down-to-the-Tyrrhenian high-angle normal faults are associated with rifting and may have given rise to regional uplift of the coastal region similar to that observed in the Quaternary [Westaway, 1993].…”

Section: Timingmentioning

confidence: 99%

History and tectonic implications of low‐angle detachment faults and orogen parallel extension, Picentini Mountains, Southern Apennines fold and thrust belt, Italy

Ferranti¹,

Oldow

1999

Tectonics

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Abstract. Late Miocene to Pliocene movement on low-angle extensional faults within the internal Southern Apennines orogenic belt was superposed on an earlier, Miocene imbricate thrust stack. The low-angle faults formed within the interior of the belt during orogen parallel extension as thrust imbrication continued in the foreland. Extreme tectonic thinning defines discrete structural domains of hyperextension which are linked by a complex system of extensional and transcurrent faults. Some of the best examples of hyperextension structures in the Southern Apennines are exposed in the Picentini Mountains. In this area, detailed mapping, fault-kinematic analysis, and excellent stratigraphic control contributed to the construction of restorable cross sections and forward models of deformation.With these constraints, it is possible to document extensional displacement on shallowly dipping supercrustal faults whose orientation is a primary feature and is not due to later tilting. During movement, upper plate rocks were disarticulated by listric and planar normal faults that soled into a ramp-flat detachment system. The depth of the basal detachment increased in the direction of upper-plate motion and ranged from 5 to 10 km. Displacement on the low-angle detachment was accompanied by block tilting in the upper plate assemblage, incisement and excisement of the upper and lower plate rocks as fault trajectories changed through time, and the progressive cataclasis of hanging wall and footwall assemblages. Preexisting thrusts were only locally reactivated during extension, and faults emanating from the underlying decollement systems cross the imbricated thrust sheets at moderate to high angles. Longitudinal extension resulted in thinning of the thrust stack to less than half the original thickness and had a cumulative magnitude of between 200 and 250 % (beta > 2).

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Compressive strains generated by normal faulting

Cited by 7 publications

References 0 publications

Listric extensional fault systems ‐ results of analogue model experiments

Listric extensional fault systems ‐ results of analogue model experiments

O Graben de Apodi, região sudoeste da bacia Potiguar, RN, uma interpretação com base em seções sísmicas e dados de poços

History and tectonic implications of low‐angle detachment faults and orogen parallel extension, Picentini Mountains, Southern Apennines fold and thrust belt, Italy

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