Compromise Multi-Criteria Selection of E-Scooters for the Vehicle Sharing System in Poland

Abstract

In Poland, there is a high ratio of private transport and unfavorable patterns of daily commuting. These patterns can be changed by introducing comfortable and eco-friendly vehicles, such as e-scooters and e-bikes. At the same time, the development of the e-micromobility-based vehicle sharing services market is developing. The aim of the article is to analyze selected e-scooters available on the Polish market and to identify the most useful vehicles from two opposing perspectives, i.e., the potential customer and owner of the vehicle sharing system. The PROSA GDSS (PROMETHEE for Sustainability Assessment—Group Decision Support System) method and the graphical representation of GAIA (Geometrical Analysis for Interactive Assistance) were used to search for a compromise and balance between the needs of the indicated stakeholders. The results of the methods used were compared with the results of the PROMETHEE GDSS method, which does not take into account the balance between the stakeholders and allows for a strong compensation of the assessments of decision makers. The conducted research allowed indicating the optimal e-scooter to meet the needs of both decision makers, and it is the JEEP 2xe Urban Camou. Both the sensitivity analysis and the solution obtained with the use of the PROMETHEE GDSS method confirmed that it is the optimal alternative, the least sensitive to changes in criteria weights and changes in the decision makers’ compensation coefficients.

Multi-Criteria Decision Analysis during Selection of Vehicles for Car-Sharing Services—Regular Users’ Expectations

“…Due to the high level of utilitarianism, the methods are successfully used in the case of individuals, enterprises, and government institutions [51]. In the case of transport issues, the methods were used for, inter alia, during selection the Paris Metro project to choose the right types of scooters for sharing companies, to decide what type of car-sharing services should be provided in Shanghai, to assess the overall state of transport in Istanbul, to improve the bike rental station for the city located in Beijing, China, when making decisions on the availability of air connections with Pittsburgh, analyzing the functioning of shared mobility services in the post-COVID-19 era, or improving the quality of bike-sharing services in the Chinese city of Xi'an [52][53][54][55][56][57][58].…”

“…Consequently, calculations of the compliance rate should be performed to obtain the level of advantage of one variant over the other in terms of all analyzed factors [53,54]. The compliance rate is the sum of the weights of the criteria for which the evaluation value of one variant is greater than or equal to the evaluation value of the other variant [52,53]. ELECTRE III introduces three main parameters that allow determining the relationships between the analyzed variants [61]:…”

“…Sequentially, an altitude difference matrix is created. Variants should be arranged sequentially, starting from their initial ordering using classification procedures of ascend distillation and descend distillation [51][52][53]. Both distillations rate the variants from best to worst [51][52][53].…”

“…Variants should be arranged sequentially, starting from their initial ordering using classification procedures of ascend distillation and descend distillation [51][52][53]. Both distillations rate the variants from best to worst [51][52][53]. Ascend distillation is a planning process that begins with selecting the best variant and placing it at the top of the ranking [51][52][53].…”

“…Both distillations rate the variants from best to worst [51][52][53]. Ascend distillation is a planning process that begins with selecting the best variant and placing it at the top of the ranking [51][52][53]. The best variant is selected one by one from the remaining variants and placed in the next position in the classification.…”