Computation and analysis of the extremely low frequency electric and magnetic fields generated by two designs of 400 kV overhead transmission lines

Exposure to Extremely Low-Frequency Magnetic Fields in Low- And Middle-Income Countries: An Overview

“…neurobehavioural function ( 28 ) , memory loss in children ( 27 ) and risk of miscarriage ( 29 , 31 ) . The exposure studies consisted of 13 studies with indoor or outdoor measurements of exposure of ELF-MF and one study with calculated exposure based on data of power lines ( 22 ) ( Table 1 ). The voltage levels of the power lines differed between the included studies, namely 66 kV ( 19 ) , 90 kV ( 16 ) , 150 kV ( 16 ) , 154 kV ( 26 ) , 220 kV ( 20 ) , 225 kV ( 16 ) and 400 kV power lines ( 22 , 30 ) .…”

“…The exposure studies consisted of 13 studies with indoor or outdoor measurements of exposure of ELF-MF and one study with calculated exposure based on data of power lines ( 22 ) ( Table 1 ). The voltage levels of the power lines differed between the included studies, namely 66 kV ( 19 ) , 90 kV ( 16 ) , 150 kV ( 16 ) , 154 kV ( 26 ) , 220 kV ( 20 ) , 225 kV ( 16 ) and 400 kV power lines ( 22 , 30 ) . One exposure study conducted in India ( 30 ) reported results of measurements inside a substation, in addition to measurements of 400 kV transmission lines.…”

“…Three studies calculated exposure estimates ( 22 , 36 , 37 ) . Feizi & Arabi ( 37 ) investigated the potential risk of 123, 230 and 400 kV power lines on acute childhood leukemia in Iran.…”

“…Lunca et al . ( 22 ) calculated the ELF-MF from 400 kV overhead power lines with the software tools PowerMag and PowerELT. They report various results of calculated magnetic flux density stratified for single-circuit lines and double-circuit lines.…”

Electric and Magnetic Field Estimation Under Overhead Transmission Lines Using Artificial Neural Networks

“…In order to limit the impact of electric and magnetic fields on the environment, many international and national institutions have defined limit values for fields that can occur in different areas. Although epidemiological studies have established a statistical association between exposure to electric and magnetic fields and the development of severe diseases in humans, the primary goal of these limit values is to prevent the occurrence of induced currents in the human body stronger than currents in the nervous system and heart [5].…”