The effective ensure of sustainable development of regions, including the Tula region, characterized by an unfavorable demographic situation, the presence of environmental problems and stagnation of industrial production, without the use of economic and mathematical apparatus and tools for data analysis and decision-making is difficult to implement. At the same time, most decisions are made on the basis of expert assessments, and this is typical for most Russian regions. The development and implementation of modern decision-making methods based on multi-criteria optimization will increase the validity of such decisions at various levels of management, and which can be applied not only in the Tula region, but also in other regions to solve their problems. The purpose of the study is to develop and test a method for optimizing the results of the functioning of socio-ecological-economic systems on the example of the regions of the Central Federal District and the district as a whole on the basis of the author's methodology within the framework of a multi-level optimization approach. The results of the study show that due to changes in values of factors included in the optimization model of the socio-ecological-economic systems functioning, which was developed on the basis of the author's methodology. It is possible to improve the target indicators of the development of the Tula region. The presented methodology can be used for other regions, which expands the scope of its application.