Computational Evaluation of Shock Wave Interaction with a Liquid Droplet

Rossano, Viola; Cittadini, Amedeo; Stefano, Giuliano De

doi:10.3390/app12031349

Cited by 14 publications

(15 citation statements)

References 44 publications

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“…Although there have been numerous numerical simulations investigating shock wave interactions with droplets [23,24,32], research on droplets with initial diameters at or below the sub-millimeter scale in a supersonic post-shock wave airflow environment is lacking. Consequently, it is imperative to conduct numerical simulations to analyze the aerodynamic breakup of individual sub-millimeter liquid droplets when exposed to high Mach number shock waves.…”

Section: Numerical Simulation Study Of Sub-millimeter Liquid Dropletsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…In this research, the multiphase flow model selected was the VOF (volume-of-fluid) model due to its excellent mass conservation properties and effective interface capturing capabilities. It can accurately describe mass transfer in the fluid and interface diffusion [14,32,35]. This method is based on the idea of treating liquid and gas as a single two-component medium.…”

Section: Computational Analysismentioning

confidence: 99%

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Study on the Interface Instability of a Shock Wave–Sub-Millimeter Liquid Droplet Interface and a Numerical Investigation of Its Breakup

Wei,

Dong,

Zhang

et al. 2023

Applied Sciences

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This study investigated the influence of instability on the interaction between sub-millimeter liquid droplets and shock waves. Experiments were conducted using 0.42 mm diameter droplets with varying shock wave Mach numbers. The investigation quantified the effects of Weber numbers and initial diameters on the development of Rayleigh–Taylor and Kelvin–Helmholtz instabilities at the shock wave–sub-millimeter liquid droplet interface. Three-dimensional numerical simulations were performed to investigate the deformation and breakup behaviors of sub-millimeter liquid droplets under the impact of a shock wave with a Mach number of 2.12. The post-shock gas flow environment in this condition was in a supersonic state. The simulations utilized the volume-of-fluid method to model the gas–liquid interface, employed unsteady Reynolds-averaged Navier–Stokes methods to simulate turbulence, and incorporated grid gradient adaptive technology to enhance computational efficiency. The results revealed that by increasing the Weber number or decreasing the initial diameter, both the growth rate and the wavenumber extremum of the Rayleigh–Taylor and Kelvin–Helmholtz instability waves increased. The variation in the K–H instability’s growth rate extremum increasing Weber number surpassed that of the R–T’s instability. This indicated that both the R–T and K–H waves on sub-millimeter liquid droplets tended to exhibit increased growth rates and reduced scales. Moreover, as the Weber number increased, the K–H instability became dominant in the aerodynamic fragmentation. The numerical simulations showed good qualitative agreement with the experimental data, affirming the viability of numerical methods for addressing such challenges. The evolution of the sub-millimeter liquid droplets was marked by two primary stages, flattening and shear stripping, signifying that the K–H instability-driven SIE mechanism governed the aerodynamic breakup in the supersonic post-shock airflow.

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Section: Numerical Simulation Study Of Sub-millimeter Liquid Dropletsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Computational Analysismentioning

confidence: 99%

Study on the Interface Instability of a Shock Wave–Sub-Millimeter Liquid Droplet Interface and a Numerical Investigation of Its Breakup

Wei,

Dong,

Zhang

et al. 2023

Applied Sciences

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“…Indeed, the parent droplet is partially converted into much smaller child droplets, whose size can also result in being comparable to the local mesh size that is used by numerical investigations. Differently from [19], where only the early stages of the interaction process were examined, the hybrid VOF-Lagrangian two-phase CFD model that is used in this work enables us to simulate the droplet aerobreakup also during the later phase.…”

Section: Hybrid Vof-lagrangian Approachmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…In this study, differently from [19], the shock tube flow is not explicitly simulated, but the discontinuous air flow conditions are directly imposed. Practically, the experimental conditions are mimicked by initially setting two different thermodynamic states for the air occupying the two different subdomains that are separated by a virtual cross diaphragm perpendicular to the x-axis.…”

Section: Flow Configurationmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…To investigate the multiscale features of the phenomenon with a viable computational cost, the mean turbulent flow field is simulated by solving the compressible unsteady Reynolds-averaged Navier-Stokes (URANS) equations endowed with a two-equation turbulence model. In contrast to our previous work [19], the newly proposed URANS model is supplied with the scale-adaptive simulation (SAS) method for unsteady turbulent flows [20]. Being able to dynamically adjust to the resolved unsteady turbulent structures, the SAS-URANS model represents an attractive alternative to the existing expensive numerical methods for transient two-phase flows.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Hybrid VOF–Lagrangian CFD Modeling of Droplet Aerobreakup

Rossano

Stefano

2022

Applied Sciences

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A hybrid VOF–Lagrangian method for simulating the aerodynamic breakup of liquid droplets induced by a traveling shock wave is proposed and tested. The droplet deformation and fragmentation, together with the subsequent mist development, are predicted by using a fully three-dimensional computational fluid dynamics model following the unsteady Reynolds-averaged Navier–Stokes approach. The main characteristics of the aerobreakup process under the shear-induced entrainment regime are effectively reproduced by employing the scale-adaptive simulation method for unsteady turbulent flows. The hybrid two-phase method combines the volume-of-fluid technique for tracking the transient gas–liquid interface on the finite volume grid and the discrete phase model for following the dynamics of the smallest liquid fragments. The proposed computational approach for fluids engineering applications is demonstrated by making a comparison with reference experiments and high-fidelity numerical simulations, achieving acceptably accurate results without being computationally expensive.

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