Computational fluid dynamics (CFD) analysis and numerical aerodynamic investigations of automotive disc brake rotor

Belhocine, Ali; Omar, Wahid

doi:10.1007/s12008-017-0394-z

Cited by 19 publications

(6 citation statements)

References 29 publications

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“…Complicated secondary flows (Briley & McDonald, 1984 ), the local vorticity creation at the ridges, and other detailed features cannot be captured by the Q3D model. Similarly, other complicated phenomena like the aerothermal effects (Belhocine & Omar, 2018 ), analyses of thermal/fluid boundary layers (Belhocine & Oday, 2015 ; Belhocine, 2016 ), effects of wall heating (Belhocine, 2017 ), effects of convective heat transfer (Belhocine & Omar, 2017 ), thermal-turbulent interactions (Belhocine & Oday, 2019 ), and effect of friction (Belhocine & Oday, 2020 ) can be modeled only using detailed CFD models, as demonstrated by Belhocine and his colleagues. However, the Q3D method can accurately predict fluid pressures and provide accurate transport effects.…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

A quasi-3D model of the whole lung: airway extension to the tracheobronchial limit using the constrained constructive optimization and alveolar modeling, using a sac–trumpet model

Kannan

Singh

Przekwas

et al. 2021

Journal of Computational Design and Engineering

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Existing computational models used for simulating the flow and species transport in the human airways are zero-dimensional (0D) compartmental, three-dimensional (3D) computational fluid dynamics (CFD), or the recently developed quasi-3D (Q3D) models. Unlike compartmental models, the full CFD and Q3D models are physiologically and anatomically consistent in the mouth and the upper airways, since the starting point of these models is the mouth–lung surface geometry, typically created from computed tomography (CT) scans. However, the current resolution of CT scans limits the airway detection between the 3rd–4th and 7th–9th generations. Consequently, CFD and the Q3D models developed using these scans are generally limited to these generations. In this study, we developed a method to extend the conducting airways from the end of the truncated Q3D lung to the tracheobronchial (TB) limit. We grew the lung generations within the closed lung lobes using the modified constrained constructive optimization, creating an aerodynamically optimized network aiming to produce equal pressure at the distal ends of the terminal segments. This resulted in a TB volume and lateral area of ∼165 cc and ∼2000 cm2, respectively. We created a “sac–trumpet” model at each of the TB outlets to represent the alveoli. The volumes of the airways and the individual alveolar generations match the anatomical values by design: with the functional residual capacity at 2611 cc. Lateral surface areas were scaled to match the physiological values. These generated Q3D whole lung models can be efficiently used for conducting multiple breathing cycles of drug transport and deposition simulations.

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Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

A quasi-3D model of the whole lung: airway extension to the tracheobronchial limit using the constrained constructive optimization and alveolar modeling, using a sac–trumpet model

Kannan

Singh

Przekwas

et al. 2021

Journal of Computational Design and Engineering

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“…For the transient-state simulations, a tetrahedral mesh was selected in the computational domain of the fluid (Figure 4). This mesh has a more significant number of elements compared to the polyhedral type [46]. The grid was adjusted to the unstructured solid through the construction of nodes distributed in an irregular way.…”

Section: Grid Typementioning

confidence: 99%

Numerical Study of Heat Transfer and Speed Air Flow on Performance of an Auto-Ventilated Disc Brake

León

García

Camperos

2021

Fluids

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In the braking system, the heat dissipation generated by the friction between the disc and pad should be evacuated as quickly as possible. In this work, five common different automotive disc brakes were studied through mathematical theories of heat transfer and numerical methods using the ANSYS software. In addition, a direct comparison between experimental, theoretical, and simulation values found in the open literature was performed to propose a disc brake with an improved geometry in terms of dissipation of heat transfer. The numerical results were considered to propose two possible solutions of disc brake geometries using N-38 ventilation blades used in aeronautic engineering. An improvement in temperature dissipation was achieved by approximately 23.8% compared to the five geometries analyzed with a simple type N-38 ventilation blade. The heat dissipation in the brakes strongly depends on the geometry of the disc, the geometry of the blades, the material from which it is manufactured, the material of the pad, the weight of the vehicle, and the operating conditions, as can be verified with mathematical calculations and experiments. The results obtained demonstrate that the discs can be used effectively in extreme working conditions (80 km/h and 33°C), without affecting the safety of the occupants and the braking system.

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“…When the expansion or contraction due to the uneven temperature distribution is restricted during the heat exchange with the fluid, the thermowell generates a force that resists expansion or contraction, that is, thermal stress. ermal stress is an addition to mechanical stress, which causes crack growth and fracture of the bowel [27]. Figure 11(a) shows the thermal stress changes along the height.…”

Section: Stress Distribution Cloud Of Ermowellmentioning

confidence: 99%

Numerical Analysis of Dynamic Characteristics of Thermowell Based on Two‐Way Thermo‐Fluid‐Solid Coupling

Zhang

Ding

Mei

et al. 2021

Shock and Vibration

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Because thermowells are prone to fatigue damage in petroleum cracking gas pipelines, in this paper, the LES method is used to simulate the flow around thermowells through two-way thermal-fluid-solid coupling, the internal causes of thermowell damage are explored, and measures for improving the thermowell safety are proposed. According to this study, when high-speed, high-temperature gas passes the thermocouple bushing, the main factors affecting the structural safety of the thermocouple bushing are the alternating stress caused by the vortex falling off, the thermal stress cycle due to the temperature gradient, and the pressure gradient impacted by the gas. Furthermore, this paper proposes improving the thermowell safety by installing the interference devices and optimizing the installation angle. The improvement measures were studied by conducting a two-way thermal fluid-structure coupling simulation. The results of this study show that after installing the interference device and optimizing the installation angle the displacement deformation of the thermowell and the equivalent stress is reduced by 57.2% and 72.1%, respectively, which indicates the safety improvement of the thermowell structure and the effectiveness of the method. The research contents of this paper can provide guidance for the installation and use of thermocouple bushing.

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Computational fluid dynamics (CFD) analysis and numerical aerodynamic investigations of automotive disc brake rotor

Cited by 19 publications

References 29 publications

A quasi-3D model of the whole lung: airway extension to the tracheobronchial limit using the constrained constructive optimization and alveolar modeling, using a sac–trumpet model

A quasi-3D model of the whole lung: airway extension to the tracheobronchial limit using the constrained constructive optimization and alveolar modeling, using a sac–trumpet model

Numerical Study of Heat Transfer and Speed Air Flow on Performance of an Auto-Ventilated Disc Brake

Numerical Analysis of Dynamic Characteristics of Thermowell Based on Two‐Way Thermo‐Fluid‐Solid Coupling

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