Computational Fluid Dynamics Simulation of Gas–Matte–Slag Three-Phase Flow in an ISASMELT Furnace

Zhao, Honglin; Xiao, Yadong; Liu, Fengqin; Sohn, Hong Yong

doi:10.1007/s11663-021-02290-8

Cited by 15 publications

(4 citation statements)

References 25 publications

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“…In Equations ( 3) and (4), P k and P ω respectively represent the production of the k equation and the ω equation. The corresponding equations of P k and P ω are formulated in Equations ( 11) and (12). SST k-ω employs the blending function F 1 to integrate the precision and resilience of the standard k-ω model with the freestream insensitivity characteristic of the standard k-ε model, [27,28] which is expressed as Equation (13).…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…For instance, the requirement of a swirler in the application of the top blowing process is that the produced swirling flows can cool down the temperature of the pipe, increase the convective mixing and diffusion mixing efficiency of the fluid, enhance the radial stirring intensity for the liquid, and keep the sufficiently high axial momentum energy of the gas. [9][10][11] In fact, the annular pipe in the top blowing flow has a short service life with the failure model of the practical bending and tip burning [12] due to the insufficient protection of the swirling flow to the wall of the annular pipe. Thus, the optimization of the swirl-generating device is still a huge challenge, attributed to the limitation of the complex structure of the furnace, turbulent regime flow in-furnace, and the high temperature/pressure operating condition in the industrial equipment.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Insights into the hydrodynamics in the annular pipe of industrial‐scale top‐blown smelting furnace

Wan,

Yang,

Tang

et al. 2024

Can J Chem Eng

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The coaxial jet consisting of swirl jet and axial jet plays a critical role in the industrial processes but is rarely investigated; therefore, it is numerically explored by means of the computational fluid dynamics (CFD) approach in the present work. The force on the swirler, axial and tangential velocity at the annular pipe outlet, and the spatial distribution of swirl number (SN) are selected to evaluate the effect of geometrical parameters on the swirling performance. The results clarify that the velocity and their azimuthal components in the transverse cross‐section can be categorized into six segments based on high/low velocity values. The coaxial jets form a weak swirl with high axial, certain tangential, and low radial velocities. x‐ and y‐vorticity vary within −200 to 200 s−1. Coaxial jet mixing decays the SN. Based on the multi‐objective matrix analysis, swirler height has the largest effect on swirl performance followed by diameter, angle, and number based on analysis. Optimal parameters are 130° vane angle, 240 mm diameter, 10 vanes, and 250 mm height of the swirler.

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Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Insights into the hydrodynamics in the annular pipe of industrial‐scale top‐blown smelting furnace

Wan,

Yang,

Tang

et al. 2024

Can J Chem Eng

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“…They revealed how different factors such as lance height, gas flow rate, and sampling position can affect droplet generation rates in an emulsion during this process. And Zhao et al 21) developed a mathematical model to simulate gas-matte-slag three-phase flow in an ISASMELT furnace with a top-submerged lance, and optimized the operating conditions of the industrial ISASMELT furnace by investigating mean velocity, phase volume fraction, splashing quantity and wall shear stress distributions under different lance diameters and immersion depths.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Evaluation of Auxiliary Slag Skimming Process Based on LES-VOF-DPM Coupled Model

Ji,

Li,

Zhang

et al. 2023

ISIJ Int.

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A mathematical model was developed to simulate gas-metal-slag three-phase flow during the surging auxiliary slag skimming process. The flow in the ladle is computed using the large eddy simulation (LES). The Eulerian volume of fluid (VOF) model is used for tracking the interface of gas-metal-slag, and the Lagrangian discrete phase model (DPM) is used for describing the bubble plumes' movement. The procedure of bubble coming out of the liquid and getting into the air is modeled using a user-defined function. Results show that when the lance position is too close to the back wall of the ladle or the injection volume is too large, it will increase the erosion of the back wall. The mean velocity of the splashing zone is much greater than that of the slag removal zone, and the velocity fluctuation is large, which is easy to cause splashing. In addition, the large injection volume will aggravate the occurrence of splashing and slag entrapment, resulting in excessive iron loss and severe liquid surface fluctuation, which is not conducive to improving the efficiency of slag removal.

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“…The numerical simulation method is a fast and efficient approach to capture physical quantities that are often challenging to obtain through experimental methods, such as the temperature distribution of the slag, the velocity vector of the gas, and even the trajectory and number of splashing droplets. Moreover, this method is highly controllable and provides excellent visualization of the calculation results [24]. To address the issue of slag adhesion to the converter liner, it is common practice to place absorbent cotton near the converter liner or create grooves in the liner surface.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Numerical Simulation of the Slag Splashing Process in A 120 Ton Top-Blown Converter

Yang

Sun

et al. 2023

Metals

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Slag splashing operations at the end of the converter blow process can improve the furnace liner life and the converter operation rate. However, the effect of factors on slag splashing at actual dimensions is yet to be fully understood. A three-dimensional transient mathematical model coupled with the response surface analysis has been established to investigate the effects of the amount of remaining slag, oxygen lance height, and top-blowing nitrogen flowrate on the slag splashing process in a 120 ton top-blown converter. The predicted splashing density is validated by the experimental data. The numerical simulation results show that the splashing density and the splashing area ratio increase with the amount of remaining slag, which has the greatest effect on slag splashing. As the oxygen lance height decreases, the splashing density and the splashing area ratio first increase and then decrease. The top-blowing nitrogen flowrate is positively correlated with the splashing area ratio. When the oxygen lance height is high, the impact of the top-blowing nitrogen flowrate on the splashing density is not significant. The splashing density increases with increasing top-blowing nitrogen flowrate as the oxygen lance height is low.

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Computational Fluid Dynamics Simulation of Gas–Matte–Slag Three-Phase Flow in an ISASMELT Furnace

Cited by 15 publications

References 25 publications

Insights into the hydrodynamics in the annular pipe of industrial‐scale top‐blown smelting furnace

Insights into the hydrodynamics in the annular pipe of industrial‐scale top‐blown smelting furnace

Evaluation of Auxiliary Slag Skimming Process Based on LES-VOF-DPM Coupled Model

Numerical Simulation of the Slag Splashing Process in A 120 Ton Top-Blown Converter

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