Computational Fluid Dynamics Study of Molten Steel Flow Patterns and Particle–Wall Interactions Inside a Slide-Gate Nozzle by a Hybrid Turbulent Model

Ghaleni, Mahdi Mohammadi; Zaeem, Mohsen Asle; Smith, Jeffrey D.; O’Malley, Ronald J.

doi:10.1007/s11663-016-0729-3

Cited by 14 publications

(10 citation statements)

References 33 publications

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“…In order to understand the deposition location and mechanism, computational fluid dynamics (CFD) studies have been carried out to investigate the inclusion transport in turbulent steel flows and its deposition on the SEN walls. [9][10][11][12][13][14][15][16][17] Deposition rates of inclusions on the SEN wall were predicted by using an Eulerian deposition model, which considered the transport of inclusions in the turbulent flow boundary layer as well as the turbophoresis effect. [16,17] Finally, inclusions move into the mold accompanying steel flows, where the solidification of molten steel happens.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

A Study on the Nonmetallic Inclusion Motions in a Swirling Flow Submerged Entry Nozzle in a New Cylindrical Tundish Design

Ersson

Jonsson

et al. 2017

Metall Mater Trans B

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PEIYUAN NI, MIKAEL ERSSON, LAGE TORD INGEMAR JONSSON, and PÄ R GÖ RAN JÖ NSSONDifferent sizes and shapes of nonmetallic inclusions in a swirling flow submerged entry nozzle (SEN) placed in a new tundish design were investigated by using a Lagrangian particle tracking scheme. The results show that inclusions in the current cylindrical tundish have difficulties remaining in the top tundish region, since a strong rotational steel flow exists in this region. This high rotational flow of 0.7 m/s provides the required momentum for the formation of a strong swirling flow inside the SEN. The results show that inclusions larger than 40 lm were found to deposit to a smaller extent on the SEN wall compared to smaller inclusions. The reason is that these large inclusions have Separation number values larger than 1. Thus, the swirling flow causes these large size inclusions to move toward the SEN center. For the nonspherical inclusions, large size inclusions were found to be deposited on the SEN wall to a larger extent, compared to spherical inclusions. More specifically, the difference of the deposited inclusion number is around 27 pct. Overall, it was found that the swirling flow contains three regions, namely, the isotropic core region, the anisotropic turbulence region and the near-wall region. Therefore, anisotropic turbulent fluctuations should be taken into account when the inclusion motion was tracked in this complex flow. In addition, many inclusions were found to deposit at the SEN inlet region. The plotted velocity distribution shows that the inlet flow is very chaotic. A high turbulent kinetic energy value of around 0.08 m 2 /s 2 exists in this region, and a recirculating flow was also found here. These flow characteristics are harmful since they increase the inclusion transport toward the wall. Therefore, a new design of the SEN inlet should be developed in the future, with the aim to modify the inlet flow so that the inclusion deposition is reduced.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

A Study on the Nonmetallic Inclusion Motions in a Swirling Flow Submerged Entry Nozzle in a New Cylindrical Tundish Design

Ersson

Jonsson

et al. 2017

Metall Mater Trans B

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“…The result suggested that the optimal nozzle bore profile was obtained for both tundish and SEN to suppress the turbulence with high kinetic energy. The molten steel mainly contains inclusions with different shapes, which usually stick to the nozzle wall and create nozzle clogging [14]. Evans et al [15] conducted an experiment on the physical and mathematical modeling of metal flow in the continuous casting of steel.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Influence of Submerged Entry Nozzle Port Blockage on the Meniscus Fluctuation Considering Various Operational Parameters

Kumar

Mishra

Roy

2020

Metals

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The continuous casting process (CCP) is the most vital part of steelmaking. The flow pattern near the submerged entry nozzle (SEN) and mould greatly influence the quality of the slab produced. The present investigation was carried out to gain knowledge regarding the meniscus fluctuation under different nozzle port blockage conditions by water model experiments. The experiments were carried out to study the effect of no blockage, 25% blockage, 50% blockage, and 75% blockage of the nozzle port on mould-level fluctuations. The result shows that when the liquid flow rate increases, the wave amplitude increases. In these experiments, the average and maximum meniscus fluctuations were measured while changing different variables such as the water flow rate, gas flow rate, and one-side percentage blockage of the SEN port while the other side was fully open. The observation shows that when the port size decreases, the fluid steel mixed from the obstructing side to the open side results in asymmetry. The average and maximum wave amplitude increases with decreasing submergence depth. It was observed that the maximum height of the standing waves in the mould continued rising on the non-blocked side of the SEN. Blockage increases from 25% to 75%, and with 75% blockage of the right side of the SEN port, the mould-level fluctuation at the left side of the mould was extreme, while that of the right side was relatively quiet.

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“…The bubbles generated by the dispersed permeable portion of the upper nozzle could form a stable and continuous argon gas film between the inner wall of the nozzle and liquid steel [16][17][18]. This could effectively suppress the accumulation of inclusions such as Al 2 O 3 on the inner wall of the nozzle and reduce the risk of nozzle clogging.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

A Simulation Study on the Flow Behavior of Liquid Steel in Tundish with Annular Argon Blowing in the Upper Nozzle

Qin

Cheng

et al. 2019

Metals

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A three-dimensional mathematical model of gasliquid two-phase flow has been established to study the flow behavior of liquid steel in the tundish. The effect of the argon flow rate and casting speed on the flow behavior of liquid steel, as well as the migration behavior of argon bubbles, was investigated. The results from the mathematical model were found to be consistent with those from the tundish water model. There were some swirl flows around the stopper when the annular argon blowing process was adopted; the flow of liquid steel near the liquid surface was active around the stopper. With increased argon flow rate, the vortex range and intensity around the stopper gradually increased, and the vertical flow velocity of the liquid steel in the vicinity of the stopper increased; the argon volume flow in the tundish and mold all increased. With increased casting speed, the vortex range and intensity around the stopper gradually decreased, the peak value of vertical flow velocity of liquid steel at the vicinity of the stopper decreased, and the distribution and ratio of argon volume flow between the tundish and the mold decreased. To avoid slag entrapment and purify the liquid steel, the argon flow rate should not be more than 3 L·min−1. These results provide a theoretical basis to optimize the parameters of the annular argon blowing at the upper nozzle and improve the slab quality.

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Computational Fluid Dynamics Study of Molten Steel Flow Patterns and Particle–Wall Interactions Inside a Slide-Gate Nozzle by a Hybrid Turbulent Model

Cited by 14 publications

References 33 publications

A Study on the Nonmetallic Inclusion Motions in a Swirling Flow Submerged Entry Nozzle in a New Cylindrical Tundish Design

A Study on the Nonmetallic Inclusion Motions in a Swirling Flow Submerged Entry Nozzle in a New Cylindrical Tundish Design

Influence of Submerged Entry Nozzle Port Blockage on the Meniscus Fluctuation Considering Various Operational Parameters

A Simulation Study on the Flow Behavior of Liquid Steel in Tundish with Annular Argon Blowing in the Upper Nozzle

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