Computational holographic Maxwellian near-eye display with an expanded eyebox

Abstract

The Maxwellian near-eye displays have attracted growing interest in various applications. By using a confined pupil, a Maxwellian display presents an all-in-focus image to the viewer where the image formed on the retina is independent of the optical power of the eye. Despite being a promising technique, current Maxwellian near-eye displays suffer from various limitations such as a small eyebox, a bulky setup and a high cost. To overcome these drawbacks, we present a holographic Maxwellian near-eye display based on computational imaging. By encoding a complex wavefront into amplitude-only signals, we can readily display the computed histogram on a widely-accessible device such as a liquid-crystal or digital light processing display, creating an all-in-focus virtual image augmented on the real-world objects. Additionally, to expand the eyebox, we multiplex the hologram with multiple off-axis plane waves, duplicating the pupils into an array. The resultant method features a compact form factor because it requires only one active electronic component, lending credence to its wearable applications.

Enlarging the Eyebox of Maxwellian Displays with a Customized Liquid Crystal Dammann Grating

“…To tackle VAC, plethora of methods have been proposed, including but not limited to multi-focal plane displays [4][5][6], varifocal plane displays [7,8], integral imaging-based displays [9,10], holographic displays [11][12][13], and Maxwellian view displays [14][15][16][17][18]. Among them, Maxwellian view is a special display to bypass this VAC issue by providing a very large depth of focus.…”

Aberration‐free pupil steering Maxwellian display with wide‐view broadband polarization converters

“…Another promising architecture is Maxwellian display or retinal scanning display. [5][6][7][8][9][10][11][12][13][14][15] The basic concept of Maxwellian display is to focus the spatially modulated, collimated light onto the viewer's pupil and form images on retina, as Figure 1A shows. Because all the imaging light is directed onto the viewer's eye, the light efficiency of a Maxwellian display is nearly 100% in theory.…”

“…Another issue is the possible ghost image if more than one viewing point enters eye pupil. Pupil steering 5,8,[11][12][13]15,17 has a much higher light efficiency. However, all previous works are based on changing the incident angle of image rays to shift the focus point, as shown in Figure 1D.…”

“…Another promising architecture is Maxwellian display or retinal scanning display 5–15 . The basic concept of Maxwellian display is to focus the spatially modulated, collimated light onto the viewer's pupil and form images on retina, as Figure 1A shows.…”

31‐2: Distinguished Student Paper: Aberration‐Free Pupil Steering Maxwellian Display for Augmented Reality

“…Another promising architecture is Maxwellian display, or retinal scanning display [4][5][6][7][8][9]. The basic concept of Maxwellian display is to focus the spatially modulated, collimated light onto the viewer's pupil and form images on retina, as Fig.…”