Computational Intelligence Paradigms

Abstract

The evolution of communication networks and information systems, to support wireless access, cloud and grid computing, and big data, provides great business opportunities. However, it also generates a new trend of sophisticated network threats and offers several challenges in securing information and systems confidentiality, integrity and availability. The traditional techniques used by security experts are mostly static and lack the much needed characteristics of adaptation and self-organization, computational efficiency and error resilience to deal with evolving attacks. The inherent characteristics of computational intelligence (CI) paradigms provide a promising alternative that has gained popularity resulting in significant applications in information security. There is a plethora of CI paradigms commonly used in this domain including artificial neural networks, evolutionary computing, fuzzy systems, and swarm intelligence. This chapter provides an overview of the widely-recognized CI paradigms and shades the light on some of their potential applications in information security.

Thymoquinone protects against carbon tetrachloride hetatotoxicity in mice via an antioxidant mechanism

“…Carbon tetrachloride was obtained from Aldrich Chemical Co. (Milwaukee, Wl, USA), Synthesis of dihydrothymoquinone: Dihydrothymoquinone (DHTQ) was repared from TQ by reduction with sodium hydrosulfite according to the procedure of (7). The structure of DHTQ was confirmed by Infra red spectroscopy and the purity was checked by melting point and thin layer chromatography as described previously (8). The compound was found to be > 99% pure.…”

Functionalisation of lyocell. Part 1: Amination of lyocell with m‐phenylenediaminesulphonic acid derivatives

“…Apart from primary and secondary amino groups, tertiary amino groups have also been incorporated into cellulose via an ether linkage. Cotton was reacted with b-chloroethyldiethylamine hydrochloride (7) in the presence of sodium hydroxide, producing diethylaminoethylcellulose [45][46][47]. It has been shown that subsequent fixation of triazinyl dyes does not involve quaternisation of the attached diethylamino group [48].…”