Computational modeling of fully ionized magnetized plasmas using the fluid approximation

Schnack, D. D.; Barnes, D. C.; Brennan, D. P.; Hegna, C. C.; Held, Eric; Kim, Charlson C.; Kruger, Scott; Pankin, Alexey Y.; Sovinec, C. R.

doi:10.1063/1.2183738

Cited by 55 publications

(55 citation statements)

References 77 publications

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“…Fifth, Hall thrusters are being developed to replace chemical systems for many onorbit propulsion tasks on communications and exploration spacecraft [3,9]. Finally, two important applications of magnetized plasmas are the laboratory thermonuclear fusion [6,49] and the magnetic reconnection phenomenom in astrophysics [54].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Kinetic Theory of Plasmas: Translational Energy

Graille

Magin

Massot

2009

Math. Models Methods Appl. Sci.

116

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Abstract. In the present contribution, we derive from kinetic theory a unified fluid model for multicomponent plasmas by accounting for the electromagnetic field influence. We deal with a possible thermal nonequilibrium of the translational energy of the particles, neglecting their internal energy and the reactive collisions. Given the strong disparity of mass between the electrons and heavy particles, such as molecules, atoms, and ions, we conduct a dimensional analysis of the Boltzmann equation and introduce a scaling based on the square root of the ratio of the electron mass to a characteristic heavy-particle mass. We then generalize the Chapman-Enskog method, emphasizing the role of a multiscale perturbation parameter on the collisional operator, the streaming operator, and the collisional invariants of the Boltzmann equation. The system is examined at successive orders of approximation, each of which corresponding to a physical time scale. The multicomponent Navier-Stokes regime is reached for the heavy particles, which follow a hyperbolic scaling, and is coupled to first order drift-diffusion equations for the electrons, which follow a parabolic scaling. The transport coefficients are then calculated in terms of bracket operators whose mathematical structure allows for positivity properties to be determined. They exhibit an anisotropic behavior when the magnetic field is strong enough. We also give a complete description of the Kolesnikov effect, i.e., the crossed contributions to the mass and energy transport fluxes coupling the electrons and heavy particles. Finally, the first and second principles of thermodynamics are proved to be satisfied by deriving a total energy equation and an entropy equation. Moreover, the system of equations is shown to be conservative and the purely convective system hyperbolic, thus leading to a well defined structure.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Kinetic Theory of Plasmas: Translational Energy

Graille

Magin

Massot

2009

Math. Models Methods Appl. Sci.

116

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“…[6]). The effects encompassed by extended-MHD are variable: extended-MHD refers to models beyond resistive MHD that include some combination of anisotropic thermal conduction and stresses [7], two-fluid evolution [8], finite-Larmorradius closures [9,10], and/or advanced drift-kineticequation closures [11].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Effect of scrape-off-layer current on reconstructed tokamak equilibrium

et al. 2017

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Methods are described that extend fields from reconstructed equilibria to include scrape-off-layer current through extrapolated parametrized and experimental fits. The extrapolation includes both the effects of the toroidal-field and pressure gradients which produce scrape-off-layer current after recomputation of the Grad-Shafranov solution. To quantify the degree that inclusion of scrapeoff-layer current modifies the equilibrium, the χ-squared goodness-of-fit parameter is calculated for cases with and without scrape-off-layer current. The change in χ-squared is found to be minor when scrape-off-layer current is included however flux surfaces are shifted by up to 3 cm. The impact on edge modes of these scrape-off-layer modifications is also found to be small and the importance of these methods to nonlinear computation is discussed. Published version: Phys. Plasmas 24, 012504 (2017) [http://dx

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“…The full 2F-MHD equations compound this difficulty by introducing new terms which add dissipative phenomena and wave dispersion into the system [2]. Fully explicit solution techniques for 2F-MHD are generally not practical for magnetic fusion applications except for simulating the fastest timescale phenomena, which is of limited interest.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%