Computational modeling of physical processes during laser ablation

Time resolved Nomarski interferometery of laser produced plasma plumes

“…We observe that the shock wave starts with quite a large velocity of 1.1 x 10 5 ms -1 but over time drag causes a deceleration and the velocity drops to 3.2 x 10 4 ms -1 , which is a factor of 3 lower than the initial velocity. This deceleration has been observed and predicted previously in the literature [20,21] and is caused by a viscous force as the plume expands into the background gas.…”

“…Although shock waves in gases are well documented in the literature [20,25] these results reveal the creation of a shock wave at the very earliest times of the plume lifecycle (< 15 ns). A sharpening of the shock wave (the so called "snowplow" effect) is observed in the 10 ns interferogram which has been predicted [21,26] and observed at late times using fast photography [25].…”

Mathematical modelling of laser-induced particulate formation in direct solid microanalysis

“…Where this compromise reasonably lies is a function of perspective. So far, the large majority of laser ablation theoretical models has been developed by physicists for physicists [1][2][3][4][5][6][7][8][9][10][11][12][13], mostly focusing on atomic scale interactions. Such atomistic models, based on either molecular dynamics or Monte Carlo approach, have been of minor appeal to analytical chemists, concerned with experiments of bhugeQ spatial scale and blongQ temporal duration.…”

Laser pulse heating and phase changes in the irradiated region: Temperature-dependent thermal properties case

“…(6). In this case, the temperature along the evaporated surface is kept at boiling temperature of the substrate material, i.e., the cells in the evaporated region are kept at boiling temperature, i.e.…”

“…They developed simplified expression for the shapes of the solid-liquid and liquidvapor interfaces during the quasi-steady state heating situation. Laser ablation of solid surface and numerical simulation of vapor front was carried out by Liu et al [6]. They assumed the equation of state for a vapor phase in a simplified form and one-dimensional gas dynamic equations were accommodated in the analysis.…”