“…The idea is to use the vanes of the existing fan as the initial geometric solution for the process of evolutionary shape optimization, where different shape representation can be applied (Hardee et al, 1999;Dai et al, 2005;Rogers and Adams, 1976;Bohm et al, 1984;Farin, 1993). The authors of this paper have also studied a number of parameterizations (Vucina et al, 2012). The approach applied in this paper is to use 2D parametric entities to represent shape, in particular B-spline curves.…”