Computational Theory and Cognition in Representational Momentum and Related Types of Displacement: A reply to Kerzel

Hubbard, Timothy L.

doi:10.3758/bf03193830

Cited by 29 publications

(29 citation statements)

References 17 publications

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“…It is possible that we did not observe RM in Experiment 1 because we used visual stimuli with smooth and continuous motion. However, RM has also been observed for targets with implied motion and for frozen-action photographs that do not elicit eye movements (Kerzel, 2003; Hubbard, 2005, 2006). Although we emphasized to participants the importance of maintaining focus on the fixation cross, we did not record eye movements.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

A Transient Auditory Signal Shifts the Perceived Offset Position of a Moving Visual Object

Chien¹,

Ono²,

Watanabe³

2013

Front. Psychology

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Information received from different sensory modalities profoundly influences human perception. For example, changes in the auditory flutter rate induce changes in the apparent flicker rate of a flashing light (Shipley, 1964). In the present study, we investigated whether auditory information would affect the perceived offset position of a moving object. In Experiment 1, a visual object moved toward the center of the computer screen and disappeared abruptly. A transient auditory signal was presented at different times relative to the moment when the object disappeared. The results showed that if the auditory signal was presented before the abrupt offset of the moving object, the perceived final position was shifted backward, implying that the perceived visual offset position was affected by the transient auditory information. In Experiment 2, we presented the transient auditory signal to either the left or the right ear. The results showed that the perceived visual offset shifted backward more strongly when the auditory signal was presented to the same side from which the moving object originated. In Experiment 3, we found that the perceived timing of the visual offset was not affected by the spatial relation between the auditory signal and the visual offset. The present results are interpreted as indicating that an auditory signal may influence the offset position of a moving object through both spatial and temporal processes.

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Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

A Transient Auditory Signal Shifts the Perceived Offset Position of a Moving Visual Object

Chien¹,

Ono²,

Watanabe³

2013

Front. Psychology

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“…Kerzel (2000) presented results suggesting that representational momentum displacements with time can be accounted for by an ocular overshoot. With respect to the horizontal representation, this explanation handsomely predicts the outcomes of many studies (but see Hubbard, 2006). In principle, ocular overshoot alone cannot account for the vertical displacement predicted by Newtonian or impetus-like physics.…”

Section: Intemalization Of Impetus Theorymentioning

confidence: 93%

The representational dynamics of remembered projectile locations.

Teixeira¹,

Hecht²,

Oliveira³

2013

Journal of Experimental Psychology: Human Perception and Perfor

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When people are instructed to locate the vanishing location of a moving target, systematic errors forward in the direction of motion (M-displacement) and downward in the direction of gravity (O-displacement) are found. These phenomena came to be linked with the notion that physical invariants are embedded in the dynamic representations generated by the perceptual system. We explore the nature of these invariants that determine the representational mechanics of projectiles. By manipulating the retention intervals between the target's disappearance and the participant's responses, while measuring both M- and O-displacements, we were able to uncover a representational analogue of the trajectory of a projectile. The outcomes of three experiments revealed that the shape of this trajectory is discontinuous. Although the horizontal component of such trajectory can be accounted for by perceptual and oculomotor factors, its vertical component cannot. Taken together, the outcomes support an internalization of gravity in the visual representation of projectiles.

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“…However, auditory stimuli can produce a FLE (Alais and Burr, 2003; Arrighi et al, 2005) and RM (Johnston and Jones, 2006), and haptic stimuli can produce a FLE (Nijhawan and Kirschfeld, 2003) and RM (Brouwer et al, 2005). It is possible that separate modality-specific mechanisms for the FLE and RM exist, but it is more parsimonious to posit a single mechanism or small number of higher-level mechanisms produces displacement of the moving target in the anticipated direction across multiple modalities (e.g., in higher-level processes or by top-down modulation of lower-level processes, Hubbard, 2005, 2006). …”

Section: Apparent Similarities Of the Fle And Rmmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…However, such a difference does not rule out overlapping or similar higher-level mechanisms for the FLE and RM any more than differences in oculomotor behavior with continuous motion, implied motion, or frozen-action photographs rule out overlapping or similar higher-level mechanisms for RM (for discussion, Hubbard, 2005, 2006, 2010). Oculomotor behavior modulates target displacement for only some types of visual stimuli 2 , and so cannot be the sole cause of the FLE and RM with visual stimuli.…”

Section: Apparent Differences Of the Fle And Rmmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Oculomotor behavior involves the hardware implementation level or perhaps algorithmic level, whereas RM or the FLE might be caused by a higher-level mechanism involving the computational level (for discussion, Hubbard, 2005, 2006). Moreover, even if oculomotor behavior is correlated with extrapolation, such a linkage is not evidence that oculomotor behavior is causal in generation of extrapolation.…”

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confidence: 99%

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Do the flash-lag effect and representational momentum involve similar extrapolations?

Hubbard¹

2013

Front. Psychol.

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In the flash-lag effect (FLE) and in representational momentum (RM), the represented position of a moving target is displaced in the direction of motion. Effects of numerous variables on the FLE and on RM are briefly considered. In many cases, variables appear to have the same effect on the FLE and on RM, and this is consistent with a hypothesis that displacements in the FLE and in RM result from overlapping or similar mechanisms. In other cases, variables initially appear to have different effects on the FLE and on RM, but accounts reconciling those apparent differences with a hypothesis of overlapping or similar mechanisms are suggested. Given that RM is simpler and accounts for a wider range of findings (i.e., RM involves a single stimulus rather than the relationship between two stimuli, RM accounts for displacement in absolute position of a single stimulus and for differences in relative position of two stimuli), it is suggested that (at least some cases of) the FLE might be a special case of RM in which the position of the target is assessed relative to the position of another stimulus (i.e., the flashed object) rather than relative to the actual position of the target.

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Computational Theory and Cognition in Representational Momentum and Related Types of Displacement: A reply to Kerzel

Cited by 29 publications

References 17 publications

A Transient Auditory Signal Shifts the Perceived Offset Position of a Moving Visual Object

A Transient Auditory Signal Shifts the Perceived Offset Position of a Moving Visual Object

The representational dynamics of remembered projectile locations.

Do the flash-lag effect and representational momentum involve similar extrapolations?

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