Computed Tomographic Features of Suspected Traumatic Injury to the Iliopsoas and Pelvic Limb Musculature of a Dog

Abstract

Computed-tomographic (CT) findings in a dog with acute suspected traumatic injury to the iliopsoas and neighboring pelvic musculature include enlargement of the affected muscles, multifocal intramuscular hypoattenuating areas, and nonuniform contrast enhancement of injured musculature. The CT features are postulated to be the result of intramuscular edema and inflammation, and correspond well to previously described ultrasonographic findings in dogs. Because of the close anatomic association between the femoral nerve and iliopsoas muscle, dogs with suspected iliopsoas injuries should be carefully evaluated for evidence of femoral nerve dysfunction. CT imaging may provide useful information regarding the nature and extent of iliopsoas muscular damage, as well as concurrent injuries in the actuely traumatized patient.

Radiographically Breedspecific Morphology and Calcifying Tendinopathy in the Iliopsoas Muscle at the Lesser Trochanter in Rottweilers, German Shepherd Dogs and Bavarian Mountain Hounds

“…Possible muscular lesion without affection of the lesser trochanter in a 12 week old puppy was described [7]. Traumata affecting this region in adult dogs cause lesions of the iliopsoas muscle exclusively [1][2][3].…”

“…Another author describes them as calcifying tendinopathies occurring unilateral or bilateral and rarely causing associated clinical signs [6]. The most striking clinical symptom in insertion tendinopathy of the iliopsoas muscle is intermittent lameness of the hind limb, which is described as unilateral, bilateral, acute and chronic [2][3][4][7][8][9]. To the authors knowledge no further investigations about different shapes or possible changes of the lesser trochanter exist nor at which age changes may occur.…”

Clinical Evaluation of Iliopsoas Strain with Findings from Diagnostic Musculoskeletal Ultrasound in Agility Performance Canines – 73 Cases

“…11,[14][15][16][17]19,[23][24][25][26] Radiographs are unlikely to show evidence for iliopsoas strain, although they may detect mineralisation of the tendinous attachments, or enthesiophytosis, which has been seen with some instances of fibrotic myopathy and other chronic injuries. 11 Computer tomography (CT) evaluation for acute iliopsoas strain has been previously described and found to be accurate for assessing intramuscular oedema and inflammation.…”

Fibrotic myopathy of the iliopsoas muscle in a dog

“…Fibrotic myopathy may result from acute trauma, chronic repetitive trauma, autoimmune disease, drug reactions, infections, neurogenic disorders and vascular anomalies 1 . In dogs, fibrotic myopathy has been reported to affect the infraspinatus, 2–7 supraspinatus, 1 teres minor, 8 quadriceps, 1 semitendinosus, 9 gracilis, 9 sartorius 10 and iliopsoas 11–15 muscles. Treatment of muscle contractures may be medical or surgical, depending on which muscle is affected 1…”

“…Previously reported iliopsoas conditions in the dog have included traumatic injury, 11,12,14 muscle strain injury, 16 primary haemangiosarcoma 13 and fibrotic myopathy 15,17 . In some cases, clinical signs of lameness and abnormal gait were accompanied by femoral neuropathy 11–14 . In humans, extensive lesions located in the psoas musculature may cause femoral neuropathy, either by direct compression or local nerve ischaemia 15 .…”