Computed tomographic findings in female genital tuberculosis tubo-ovarian masses

Sharma, Jai Bhagwan; Manchanda, Smita; Jaiswal, Parul; Dharmendra, Sona; Singh, Urvashi; Hari, Smriti

doi:10.1016/j.ijtb.2021.03.001

Cited by 11 publications

(13 citation statements)

References 23 publications

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“…MRI, CT scan, and PET scan are helpful for detecting tubo-ovarian masses [34]. Abnormal CXR findings (healed TB lesions, hilar lymphadenopathy, fibrosis, opacities, and effusions) that may be consistent with TB are found in 8–27% of women with FGTB [35].…”

Section: Screening For Female Genital Tuberculosismentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Intrauterine synechiae, venous and lymphatic intravasation or particular features like 'collar segment', 'T-abnormal', and 'pseudocornuate' contours should prompt consideration of FGTB in appropriate clinical setting. MRI, CT scan, and PET scan are helpful for detecting tubo-ovarian masses [34]. Abnormal CXR findings (healed TB lesions, hilar lymphadenopathy, fibrosis, opacities, and effusions) that may be consistent with TB are found in 8-27% of women with FGTB [35].…”

Section: Radiological Imagingmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Genital tuberculosis, infertility and assisted reproduction

Mir¹,

Pal²

2023

Current Opinion in Obstetrics &Amp; Gynecology

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Purpose of reviewThe goal of this review is to familiarize a global readership on the subtilities of clinical presentation and the mayhem that a missed diagnosis of genital tuberculosis (GTB) is capable of inflicting on the health and wellbeing of infertile women with untreated GTB attempting to conceive with assisted reproductive technology (ART). Recent findingsEmerging and recent literature relating to the epidemiology and clinical presentation of GTB and reporting of unique risks of ART for maternal and fetal morbidity in untreated cases of GTB are reviewed. Evidence relating to a broadening spectrum of screening methodologies for GTB detection of GTB is additionally considered. SummaryGenital TB must be considered as a mechanism for couple's infertility in at-risk populations. Attempting to treat female GTB-related infertility with in-vitro fertilization poses unique and potentially life-threatening risks, both to the mother and to the conceptus; these risks can be avoided through vigilance, appropriate screening and timely treatment prior to proceeding with IVF.

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Section: Screening For Female Genital Tuberculosismentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Radiological Imagingmentioning

confidence: 99%

Genital tuberculosis, infertility and assisted reproduction

Mir¹,

Pal²

2023

Current Opinion in Obstetrics &Amp; Gynecology

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“…No single test can diagnose all cases. Hence a combination of thorough detailed history taking (in past or family), meticulous general, physical, and gynecological examination, ultrasound findings, positron emission tomography‐computed tomography (PET‐CT) findings demonstrating increased fluorodeoxyglucose (FDG) uptake of tuberculous tubo‐ovarian masses and judicious use of combination of various testing modalities is required to make a diagnose of FGTB 118–124 …”

Section: Diagnosismentioning

confidence: 99%

Immune disturbances in female genital tuberculosis and latent genital tuberculosis

Sharma

Sharma³

et al. 2022

American J Rep Immunol

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Background Female genital tuberculosis (FGTB), an important clinical sub‐type of extra‐pulmonary tuberculosis (EPTB) is responsible for about 10% cases of infertility in India. Both FGTB and latent genital tuberculosis (LGTB) can cause infertility through blockage of fallopian tubes and through altered uterine endometrial receptivity. Aims This review tries to elucidates the role of various immune factors in FGTB and LGTB. Content Various immune disturbances are observed in FGTB and LGTB like growth factors and cytokines which inhibit implantation and several inflammatory signaling pathways like mitogen activated protein kinase (MAPK), natural killer (NK) cells, nuclear factor kappa‐B (NF‐KB), tumor necrosis factor (TNF), and toll like receptors (TLR) signaling are dysregulated. These altered immune factors and pathways may be detected in the endometrial biopsies at the early stages of disease before permanent damage. Prompt and adequate treatment with the four anti‐tubercular drugs (rifampicin [R], isoniazid [H], pyrazinamide [Z], and ethambutol [E]) can increase pregnancy rates in some of these women. Assisted reproduction especially in‐vitro fertilization and embryo transfer may be required for some women. Implications Inflammatory pathways identified from the gene profiling have enabled development of potential biomarkers for early diagnosis of FGTB. Immunomodulation and novel biotechniques like stem cell transplantation, nanoparticles and host directed therapies are being tried in selected patients of FGTB and LGTB with promising results.

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“…Chest radiograph (CXR) is used to identify concurrent or past PTB infection [ 36 ]. Abnormal CXR findings (healed TB lesions, hilar lymphadenopathy, fibrosis, opacities, and effusions) that may be consistent with TB are found in 8%–27% of women with FGTB [ 63–65 ]. One study of 37 men and women with genitourinary TB in the United Kingdom found that 13.5% had concurrent PTB [ 66 ].…”

Section: Diagnostic Approachmentioning

confidence: 99%

Female Genital Tuberculosis

Tzelios

Neuhausser

Ryley

et al. 2022

Open Forum Infectious Diseases

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Female genital tuberculosis (FGTB) is an important cause of morbidity and infertility worldwide. Mycobacterium tuberculosis (Mtb) most commonly spreads to the genital tract from a focus elsewhere in the body and affects the bilateral fallopian tubes and/or endometrium. Many patients with FGTB have indolent disease and are only diagnosed after evaluation for infertility. Women may present with menstrual irregularities, lower abdominal or pelvic pain, or abnormal vaginal discharge. Given the low sensitivity of diagnostic tests, various composite reference standards are used to diagnose FGTB, including some combination of endoscopic findings, microbiological or molecular testing, and histopathological evidence in gynecological specimens. Early treatment with a standard regimen of a two-month intensive phase with isoniazid, rifampin, ethambutol, and pyrazinamide, followed by a four-month continuation phase with isoniazid and rifampin, is recommended to prevent irreversible organ damage. However, even with treatment, FGTB can lead to infertility or pregnancy-related complications, and stigma is pervasive.

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Computed tomographic findings in female genital tuberculosis tubo-ovarian masses

Cited by 11 publications

References 23 publications

Genital tuberculosis, infertility and assisted reproduction

Genital tuberculosis, infertility and assisted reproduction

Immune disturbances in female genital tuberculosis and latent genital tuberculosis

Female Genital Tuberculosis

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