Computed tomography and childhood seizure disorder in Ibadan

Obajimi, M O; Fatunde, OJ; Ogunseyinde, AO; Omigbodun, Olayinka; Atalabi, Omolola Mojisola; Joel, RU

doi:10.4314/wajm.v23i2.28112

Cited by 15 publications

(17 citation statements)

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“…It costs US$100-150 for a computed tomography scan; this is much more than the average monthly salaries of the greater population of Nigerians. 6,13 This has contributed to the low imaging rates for children with seizure disorders in Nigeria. 6,13 Most centers managing children with seizure disorders have access to electroencephalography.…”

Section: Tertiary-level Health Carementioning

confidence: 99%

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Child Neurology Services in Africa

et al. 2011

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The first African Child Neurology Association meeting identified key challenges that the continent faces to improve the health of children with neurology disorders. The capacity to diagnose common neurologic conditions and rare disorders is lacking. The burden of neurologic disease on the continent is not known, and this lack of knowledge limits the ability to lobby for better health care provision. Inability to practice in resource-limited settings has led to the migration of skilled professionals away from Africa. Referral systems from primary to tertiary are often unpredictable and chaotic. There is a lack of access to reliable supplies of basic neurology treatments such as antiepileptic drugs. Few countries have nationally accepted guidelines either for the management of epilepsy or status epilepticus. There is a great need to develop better training capacity across Africa in the recognition and management of neurologic conditions in children, from primary health care to the subspecialist level. Declaration of Conflicting InterestsThe authors declared no potential conflicts of interest with respect to the research, authorship, and/or publication of this article. Europe PMC Funders Group Europe PMC Funders Author ManuscriptsEurope PMC Funders Author Manuscripts challenges in children across the continent. The presentations highlighted key common themes, namely, the need to promote education, training, and research. Building on these areas will have a ripple effect of improving child health care, improving facilities, and retaining skilled specialists in Africa.The following text collates the data delivered at this meeting, specifically from Ghana, Nigeria, Malawi, and Uganda, and provides a broader summary of the overall services across the continent. Summary of Services Across Africa, Focusing on EpilepsyA survey of 23 countries across Africa (Algeria, Cameroun, Cote d'Ivoire, Democratic Republic of Congo, Egypt, Ethiopia, Ghana, Kenya, Malawi, Mali, Mauritius, Mozambique, Namibia, Nigeria, Rwanda, Sénégal, South Africa, Sudan, Togo, Tanzania, Uganda, Zambia, Zimbabwe; Figure 1) focused broadly on child neurology capacity and needs (2008)(2009)(2010)(2011). Questionnaires were sent to key pediatric physicians known to be practicing in the country to provide information on the services.

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Section: Tertiary-level Health Carementioning

confidence: 99%

“…6,13 This has contributed to the low imaging rates for children with seizure disorders in Nigeria. 6,13 Most centers managing children with seizure disorders have access to electroencephalography. Four of 9 centers can perform neurosurgery, and 1 center has the capacity to perform muscle biopsies.…”

Section: Tertiary-level Health Carementioning

confidence: 99%

Child Neurology Services in Africa

et al. 2011

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“…Obajimi et al [7] in their study of computed tomography and childhood seizure disorder in Ibadan, reported a predominance of generalized tonic-clonic type of seizures in those with brain atrophy as reported in the index cases [7]. However, patients could also present with facial asymmetry, contra lateral hemiplegia or hemiparesis and mental retardation [1, 2,8].…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Computed tomography (CT) and magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) are the preferred modalities in assessment of the aetiology and lesion extent of cerebral parenchymal disease in atrophy, seizures, hemiparesis/plegia and craniofacial asymmetry [4,7]. CT has advantage of demonstrating the calvarial changes in addition to parenchymal changes ( Figure 5).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Other changes are thickening of the ipsilateral frontal calvarium and squamous portion of the temporal bone, as well as enlargement of the ipsilateral frontal sinus and mastoid air cells [2,13]. These features were demonstrated in the second case presented.MRI is a valuable method of examination in the analysis of cerebral hemiatrophy as it can demonstrate changes in the cerebral hemispheres as well as highlighting bony structural changes and thus differentiating between congenital and acquired types of DDMS [4,7].…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Childhood Cerebral Hemiatrophy (Dyke-Davidoff-Masson Syndrome) Presenting with Seizures: A Report of two Cases.

Danfulani¹,

Haruna²,

Sadisu³

et al. 2017

IOSR JDMS

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Diagnostic implications of neuroimaging in epilepsy and other seizure disorders

Nieto‐Salazar

Velasquez‐Botero

Toro‐Velandia

et al. 2023

Annals of Medicine &Amp; Surgery

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Epilepsy is the most common neurological disorder that affects ~1–2% of the global population, leading to presentation in the emergency room. The neuroimaging modalities have an important application in diagnosing new onset unprovoked seizures and epilepsy. This article discusses the various neuroimaging modalities for diagnosing seizures and epilepsy and addresses that the MRI is the investigation of choice, and urgent imaging is more commonly done by computed tomography in patients with new-onset seizures. The goal of the article was to diagnose seizures and epilepsy for early intervention to prevent complications or damage to the brain. MRI detects even small cortical epileptogenic lesions, whereas computed tomography is used in screening, diagnosis, evaluation, and monitoring of the prognosis of seizures in children. Magnetic resonance spectroscopy provides biochemical measurements of reduced N-acetyl aspartate and increased creatinine and choline in dysfunctioning epileptic zones. Volumetric MRI is very sensitive and specific in determining seizures originating in extratemporal and extrahippocampal sites. Even though diffusion tensor magnetic resonance imaging has a limited role, it is used in specific pediatric patient groups with temporal lobe epilepsy. Functional radionuclide imaging modalities (positron emission tomography and single-photon emission computerized tomography) are increasingly significant for the identification of the epileptic region. Furthermore, the authors recommend the use of artificial intelligence and further research on imaging modalities for early diagnosis of seizures and epilepsy.

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Computed tomography and childhood seizure disorder in Ibadan

Cited by 15 publications

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Child Neurology Services in Africa

Child Neurology Services in Africa

Childhood Cerebral Hemiatrophy (Dyke-Davidoff-Masson Syndrome) Presenting with Seizures: A Report of two Cases.

Diagnostic implications of neuroimaging in epilepsy and other seizure disorders

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