Computed Tomography Lesions and Their Association With Global Outcome in Young People With Mild Traumatic Brain Injury

Riemann, Lennart; Mikolić, Ana; Maas, Andrew I.R.; Unterberg, Andreas; Younsi, Alexander

doi:10.1089/neu.2022.0055

Cited by 4 publications

(2 citation statements)

References 42 publications

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“…However, CT scans expose patients to ionizing radiation, and the potential long-term effects on children and pregnant women remain unclear. Furthermore, patients with severe TBI face risks during transportation and CT examinations ( Kamiya et al, 2015 ; Riemann et al, 2023 ). The GCS score, determined based on the patient’s symptoms and the evaluator’s judgment, does not provide an accurate reflection of the extent of brain injury ( Maas et al, 2017 ).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Plasma D-dimer levels are a biomarker for in-hospital complications and long-term mortality in patients with traumatic brain injury

Chen,

Wang,

Liu

et al. 2023

Front. Mol. Neurosci.

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IntroductionTraumatic brain injury (TBI) is a major health concern worldwide. D-dimer levels, commonly used in the diagnosis and treatment of neurological diseases, may be associated with adverse events in patients with TBI. However, the relationship between D-dimer levels, TBI-related in-hospital complications, and long-term mortality in patients with TBI has not been investigated. Here, examined whether elevated D-dimer levels facilitate the prediction of in-hospital complications and mortality in patients with TBI.MethodsOverall, 1,338 patients with TBI admitted to our institute between January 2016 and June 2022 were retrospectively examined. D-dimer levels were assessed within 24 h of admission, and propensity score matching was used to adjust for baseline characteristics.ResultsAmong the in-hospital complications, high D-dimer levels were associated with electrolyte metabolism disorders, pulmonary infections, and intensive care unit admission (p < 0.05). Compared with patients with low (0.00–1.54 mg/L) D-dimer levels, the odds of long-term mortality were significantly higher in all other patients, including those with D-dimer levels between 1.55 mg/L and 6.35 mg/L (adjusted hazard ratio [aHR] 1.655, 95% CI 0.9632.843), 6.36 mg/L and 19.99 mg/L (aHR 2.38, 95% CI 1.416–4.000), and >20 mg/L (aHR 3.635, 95% CI 2.195–6.018; p < 0.001). D-dimer levels were positively correlated with the risk of death when the D-dimer level reached 6.82 mg/L.ConclusionOverall, elevated D-dimer levels at admission were associated with adverse outcomes and may predict poor prognosis in patients with TBI. Our findings will aid in the acute diagnosis, classification, and management of TBI.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Thus, at present, the commonly used diagnostic and classification methods are insufficient for all TBI groups. A convenient and sensitive objective index that reflects injury severity is required to supplement the diagnosis and prognosis of TBI ( Maas et al, 2022 ; Nelson et al, 2023 ; Riemann et al, 2023 ).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Plasma D-dimer levels are a biomarker for in-hospital complications and long-term mortality in patients with traumatic brain injury

Chen,

Wang,

Liu

et al. 2023

Front. Mol. Neurosci.

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Similarities in the Electrographic Patterns of Delayed Cerebral Infarction and Brain Death After Aneurysmal and Traumatic Subarachnoid Hemorrhage

Dreier,

Lemale,

Horst

et al. 2024

Transl. Stroke Res.

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While subarachnoid hemorrhage is the second most common hemorrhagic stroke in epidemiologic studies, the recent DISCHARGE-1 trial has shown that in reality, three-quarters of focal brain damage after subarachnoid hemorrhage is ischemic. Two-fifths of these ischemic infarctions occur early and three-fifths are delayed. The vast majority are cortical infarcts whose pathomorphology corresponds to anemic infarcts. Therefore, we propose in this review that subarachnoid hemorrhage as an ischemic-hemorrhagic stroke is rather a third, separate entity in addition to purely ischemic or hemorrhagic strokes. Cumulative focal brain damage, determined by neuroimaging after the first 2 weeks, is the strongest known predictor of patient outcome half a year after the initial hemorrhage. Because of the unique ability to implant neuromonitoring probes at the brain surface before stroke onset and to perform longitudinal MRI scans before and after stroke, delayed cerebral ischemia is currently the stroke variant in humans whose pathophysiological details are by far the best characterized. Optoelectrodes located directly over newly developing delayed infarcts have shown that, as mechanistic correlates of infarct development, spreading depolarizations trigger (1) spreading ischemia, (2) severe hypoxia, (3) persistent activity depression, and (4) transition from clustered spreading depolarizations to a negative ultraslow potential. Furthermore, traumatic brain injury and subarachnoid hemorrhage are the second and third most common etiologies of brain death during continued systemic circulation. Here, we use examples to illustrate that although the pathophysiological cascades associated with brain death are global, they closely resemble the local cascades associated with the development of delayed cerebral infarcts.

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Isolated Traumatic Subarachnoid Hemorrhage on Head Computed Tomography Scan May Not Be Isolated: A Transforming Research and Clinical Knowledge in Traumatic Brain Injury Study (TRACK-TBI) Study

Yue,

Yuh,

Elguindy

et al. 2024

Journal of Neurotrauma

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Computed Tomography Lesions and Their Association With Global Outcome in Young People With Mild Traumatic Brain Injury

Abstract: Computed tomography lesions and their association with global outcome in young people with mild traumatic brain injury

Cited by 4 publications

References 42 publications

Plasma D-dimer levels are a biomarker for in-hospital complications and long-term mortality in patients with traumatic brain injury

Plasma D-dimer levels are a biomarker for in-hospital complications and long-term mortality in patients with traumatic brain injury

Similarities in the Electrographic Patterns of Delayed Cerebral Infarction and Brain Death After Aneurysmal and Traumatic Subarachnoid Hemorrhage

Isolated Traumatic Subarachnoid Hemorrhage on Head Computed Tomography Scan May Not Be Isolated: A Transforming Research and Clinical Knowledge in Traumatic Brain Injury Study (TRACK-TBI) Study

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