Computed Tomography of Bronchial Carcinoid

Aronchick, Judith M.; Wexler, Jeff A.; Christen, Brigitte; Miller, Wallace T.; Epstein, David; Gefter, Warren B.

doi:10.1097/00004728-198601000-00015

Cited by 40 publications

(18 citation statements)

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“…It is rarely possible to distinguish an endoluminal component, with extension to the parenchyma being the most dominant feature. [1][2][3][7][8][9] On CT scan, the presence of two central sites is common (85% in the main, lobar or segmental bronchi), with an appearance of nodule or ovoid mass, well-defined and regular margins, spontaneously hyperdense, associated or not with a distinct endoluminal component or distal parenchymal complications. Punctual or diffuse calcifications are found in 30% of the cases.…”

Section: 3mentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The stroma in these tumors is typically well-vascularized with homogeneous and intense contrast enhancement. [1][2][3][7][8][9] Despite the primarily endoluminal origin, it is typically observed on CT that most of the mass extends to the adjacent parenchyma, and the endoluminal component may be minimal. This finding is what is called the "tip of the iceberg" sign.…”

Section: 3mentioning

confidence: 99%

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Endobronchial carcinoid tumor: Radiological findings of a clinical case

Queiroz¹,

Santana²,

Filho³

et al. 2018

Rev. Assoc. Med. Bras.

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We describe the case of a female patient, 21 years old, complaining of dyspnea attacks and wheezing 2 years ago. Chest radiography showed volume loss in the left lower lobe and ipsilateral retrocardiac triangular basal opacity. CT scan showed an extensive solid mass with apex protruding into the left main and lower lobar bronchi, causing distal atelectasis. Histopathological and immunohistochemical study of transbronchial biopsy of the lesion revealed a typical carcinoid tumor, confirmed after tumor resection with total left pneumectomy.Keywords: Carcinoid Tumor. Endobronchial. Pulmonary. Typical. Diagnostic Imaging.case report A female 21-year old patient presenting dyspnea and wheezing attacks for two years. She is overweight, has polycystic ovary syndrome and is currently using oral contraceptives. She does not smoke. The patient reported that three radiographs in the past 6 months revealed consolidation in the left lung base. During this period, treatment regimens for pneumonia were used, without clinical or radiological improvement. On auscultation, rhonchi and wheezing were audible at the base of the left hemithorax. Laboratory tests did not point out any abnormalities.A new chest X-ray showed loss of volume in the left lower lobe with triangular basal retrocardiac opacity, apex directed towards the ipsilateral hilum and base next to the diaphragmatic dome ( Figures 1A and 1B).Computed tomography (CT) imaging showed a solid expansive mass with apex protruding into the left source bronchus ("tip of the iceberg" sign 1 ), causing partial obstruction and distal subsegmentar atelectasis, as well as marked enhancement following intravenous contrast administration (Figures 2A, 2B, 2C and 2D).After bronchofibroscopy, which confirmed the endobronchial lesion, the anatomopathological and immunohistochemical investigation of the transbronchial biopsy material showed a well-differentiated (typical) carcinoid tumor ( Figures 3A, 3B and 3C). A CT scan of the abdomen performed for staging failed to show other neoplastic formations. The therapy selected was left total pneumonectomy, which confirmed the histological finding of tumor in a subsequent investigation.

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Section: 3mentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: 3mentioning

confidence: 99%

Endobronchial carcinoid tumor: Radiological findings of a clinical case

Queiroz¹,

Santana²,

Filho³

et al. 2018

Rev. Assoc. Med. Bras.

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“…5,21,31 Similarly, both TCs and ACs demonstrate marked homogeneous enhancement following intravenous contrast (net enhancement .30HU on dynamic contrast enhancement studies), aiding differentiation from areas of atelectasis or mucous plugging. 21,32 Volume-rendered images of CT bronchoscopy can aid lesion detection, although it is time consuming and not routinely used. low-grade FDG uptake in 29 TC patients and higher standardized uptake values (SUVs) in all 6 patients with AC studied, concluding that biological behaviour of bronchopulmonary carcinoids correlates well with SUV.…”

Section: Neuroendocrine Tumours Of the Lungsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Cardiothoracic manifestations of neuroendocrine tumours

Mandegaran¹,

David²,

Screaton³

2016

BJR

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Cardiothoracic neuroendocrine tumour (NET) manifestations encompass a vast disease spectrum. Pulmonary neuroendocrine tumours represent a range of tumour grade and differentiation characteristics from pre-malignant diffuse neuroendocrine cell hyperplasia, well-differentiated, low-grade carcinoid tumours with excellent outcomes, through to high-grade small-cell lung carcinoma and large-cell neuroendocrine carcinoma with poor prognoses. Rarer thymic NETs represent a similarly wide neoplastic spectrum. Cardiac carcinoid is a paraneoplastic manifestation of the carcinoid syndrome and often the cause of mortality in NETs with hepatic metastases. Cardiothoracic NET manifestations are reviewed herein from a radiologists' perspective, discussing the diverse clinical presentations, spectrum of neoplastic and paraneoplastic manifestations, imaging features and treatment options.

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“…Rarely, tumours are irregular or ill-defined [1,33] . Most endobronchial carcinoids have a large extraluminal component, and for this reason are termed 'iceberg' lesions [34] . Consolidation, atelectasis or mucoid impaction distal to an endobronchial carcinoid are common presentations (Fig.…”

Section: Airwaysmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Local extension of tumour into the mediastinum may occur [1] . Owing to their rich vascularity, carcinoid tumours characteristically, although not invariably, enhance intensely with intravenous contrast on CT and MRI [1,33,34] . Atypical carcinoid represents a relatively high-grade, aggressive form of tumour that has histological features in common with small cell carcinoma of the lung [1,36] .…”

Section: Airwaysmentioning

confidence: 99%