Computer-aided clinical image analysis as a predictor of sentinel lymph node positivity in cutaneous melanoma

Abstract

BACKGROUND Delays in sentinel lymph node (SLN) biopsy may affect the positivity of non-SLNs. For these reasons, effort is being directed at obtaining reliable information regarding SLN positivity prior to surgical excision. However, the existing tools, e.g. , dermoscopy, do not recognize statistically significant predictive criteria for SLN positivity in melanomas. AIM To investigate the possible association of computer-assisted objectively obtained color, color texture, sharpness and geometry variables with SLN positivity. METHODS We retrospectively reviewed and analyzed the computerized medical records of all patients diagnosed with cutaneous melanoma in a tertiary hospital in Germany during a 3-year period. The study included patients with histologically confirmed melanomas with Breslow > 0.75 mm who underwent lesion excision and SLN biopsy during the study period and who had clinical images shot with a digital camera and a handheld ruler aligned beside the lesion. RESULTS Ninety-nine patients with an equal number of lesions met the inclusion criteria and were included in the analysis. Overall mean (± standard deviation) age was 66 (15) years. The study group consisted of 20 patients with tumor-positive SLN (SLN+) biopsy, who were compared to 79 patients with tumor-negative SLN biopsy specimen (control group). The two groups differed significantly in terms of age (61 years vs 68 years) and histological subtype, with the SLN+ patients being younger and presenting more often with nodular or secondary nodular tumors ( P < 0.05). The study group patients showed significantly higher eccentricity ( i.e. distance between color and geometrical midpoint) as well as higher sharpness ( i.e. these lesions were more discrete from the surrounding normal skin, P < 0.05). Regarding color variables, SLN+ patients demonstrated higher range in all four color intensities (gray, red, green, blue) and significantly higher skewness in three color intensities (gray, red, blue), P < 0.05. Color texture variables, i.e. lacunarity, were comparable in both groups. CONCLUSION SLN+ patients demonstrated significantly higher eccentricity, higher sharpness, higher range in all four color intensities (gray, red, green, blue) and significantly higher skewness in three color intensities (gray, red, blue). Further prospective studies are needed to better understand the effectiveness of clinical image processing in SLN+ melanoma patients.

Color Analysis of Merkel Cell Carcinoma: A Comparative Study with Cherry Angiomas, Hemangiomas, Basal Cell Carcinomas, and Squamous Cell Carcinomas

“…While numerous studies have focused on systems for predicting and diagnosing melanocytic lesions [23][24][25][26][27][28], there is a noticeable absence of such studies concerning MCC. Thus, we conducted a study to analyze the digital color characteristics of MCC lesions compared to both benign lesions that bear resemblance to MCC, such as cherry angiomas and hemangiomas, and malignant lesions like BCC and SCC.…”