Computer Aided Design and Development of Customized Shoe Last

Abstract

The paper presents a work that shows an application of digital modeling of human body where CAD has been applied to design and develop a customized shoe last. The customization process has been divided into seven steps which have been mathematically modeled and implemented automatically through a program. The process starts with the generation of point cloud definition of the foot and existing lasts with an Optical Scanner. The point cloud data are registered and processed, and the last closest to the foot in shape and size is selected. B-spline curves and surface patches are fitted on to the point cloud of the last to generate a water-tight geometry of the last. The surface patches are then diagnosed and edited to conform to the geometry of the foot in the desired manner and a modified version of the last is prepared. This version is converted to STL file and rapid prototyping (RP) technology is used to fabricate a sample of the customized shoe last. The file can also be used to generate codes for CNC machining of the lasts in case of mass customization.

Optimal Design and Fabrication of Shoe Lasts for Ankle Foot Orthotics for Patients With Diabetes

“…This paper discusses the improvement of shoe last design with the CARESystem method and shows an average time savings in the overall AFO production process as conducted by the researcher. Figure 5 explicitly describes all stages of the design process and production of AFO footwear traditionally / conventionally and with the CARESystem (as reported by Chung et al, 2011;Anggoro et al, 2017a, Anggoro et al, 2018bAnggoro et al, 2018c, Anggoro et al, 2017d, Bawono et al, 2017, Marco Mandolini et al, 2015and Sambhav et al, 2011). Researchers will also compare these two methods to see the aspects of comfort, precision, accuracy, and performed work time.…”

“…The last is important to provide an aesthetic value, as well as comfort and overall health to the foot. Many researchers have extensively discussed the significance of last design (Bernabéu et al, 2013;Miguel et al, 2011;Ameersing and Yan, 2009;Sambhav et al, 2011;Marco Mandolini et al, 2015;and Luximon, 2009). Rarely, however, has there been research that coherently integrates the detailed design and manufacturing processes of AFO products assisted by CARESystem technology from the patient's measurements as prescribed by doctors / orthopedists, scans of the patient's feet, insole and outsole design, and finally the lasting processes for shoes that fit the patient's feet.…”

“…These include elevated temperature/humidity within a shoe, increased in-shoe plantar pressure (pressure under the foot) (see Lavery et al, 2003, Amstrong, 1998 and increased shear movement between the foot and the shoe. Each of these factors will be dictated by different aspects of the design such as insole geometry (Bus et al, 2004;Anggoro et al, 2017a;Anggoro et al, 2018a), outsole profile/stiffness (van Schie et al, 2000;Brown et al, 2004), and shoe lasting (Cavanagh et al, 2002;Ameersing and Yan, 2009;Sambhav et al, 2011;Marco Mandolini et al, 2015).…”

Product Design Trends within the Footwear Industry: A Review

“…Utilizing sketches and 3D models, designers determine the shape of shoe bottom parts, followed by the analysis and estimation of parameters such as stability, strength, and materials, reflecting the increasing complexity designers face in their considerations. Sambhav et al [33] focused on digital design of shoe lasts, employing specific and automated steps in the design process. Starting from leg scans, B-spline curves are adjusted to fit the leg geometry, concluding in a final design suitable for sampling or mass production.…”

Semi Reverse Innovative Design of Insole Shoes Orthotic for Patient with Club Foot

“…Upper shoe is a blanket part of the shoe that covers the back of the foot, while shoe last is the core that forms the shoe that determines the final shape and is an important factor in determining the quality of shoes. The shoe last design and manufacturing process can be done in two methods, namely the manual process and using CARESystem as in the journal reported by [5,7] In general, the shoe fabrication process is largely determined by the form of shoe last, this is reported by [5,[8][9] However, one of the factors supporting the comfort of footwear lies in the insole that is in direct contact with the sole of the foot. This condition has been reported by [2][3][4]7] in his paper stating that one of the factors in the comfort of footwear when used for daily activities lies in insoles that are designed and manufactured according to the shape and size of the soles of the feet.…”