Computer modeling and intraoperative navigation in maxillofacial surgery

Abstract

Computer modeling and intraoperative navigation is a relatively new tool that can assist surgeons with reconstruction of the maxillofacial skeleton.

Point-to-point registration with mandibulo-maxillary splint in open and closed jaw position. Evaluation of registration accuracy for computer-aided surgery of the mandible

“…Our results are also comparable with those for other registration methods such as laser surface scanning, boneimplanted fiduciary markers, and anatomical structures (Schlaier et al, 2002;Marmulla et al, 2004a;Hoffmann et al, 2005b;Hardy et al, 2006;Pham et al, 2007). The use of a CBCT dataset seems to lead to the same results as those obtained with a CT dataset (Eggers et al, 2009).…”

Computer‐assisted therapy in orbital and mid‐facial reconstructions

“…It must also be possible to continually update changes in the patient's position ('reregistration'), because movements during the operation cannot be prevented and are even necessary for some manoeuvres. This is accomplished with an LED array that is securely attached to the patient (7,15,20,21). Therefore, registration is the first step in intraoperative navigation.…”

“…Navigation-assisted primary reconstructions of the orbit offer important advantages but few cases have been described in the literature, as a result of the complicated preoperative preparations that are required (4,7,(35)(36)(37). To date, invasive registration methods have been the only way to perform computer-assisted procedures with acceptable accuracy.…”

Evolution and Trends in Reconstructive Facial Surgery: An Update

“…Currently, images generated by 3D-rendition of the craniofacial complex are employed in a wide array of applications, including; (i) diagnosis and evaluation of extent of lesion [12,15], (ii) analysis of facial asymmetry [15,16], (iii) rapid prototyping for stereolithographic modeling [17], (iv) fabrication of customized implantable devices [18,19], (v) preoperative virtual surgery [5,9], (vi) generation and transfer of data for intraoperative navigation [20][21][22], (vii) presurgical assessment of potential recipient vessels for microvascular anastomosis near a resection site using 3D-CT angiogram [3], (viii) interactive discussion with patients for better understanding of the extent of disease and proposed surgery [10], and (ix) training of surgical residents in an educational environment [10]. By these applications, the surgeon is able to visualize the pathology in its entirety, assess its influence on the surrounding anatomy, determine the feasibility of resection, and concurrently plan the reconstruction of a defect.…”

“…Intraoperative navigation surgery is a computerized surgical modality in which the surgical instruments are accurately tracked and targeted to a preplanned location within the surgical field [22,33]. By this technology, 3D image information are uploaded onto various software programs and a precise planning of resection margin, osteotomy sites or bone re-positioning can be transferred from the presurgical model or virtual surgery to the patient in the operating room with a degree of precision hitherto unachievable.…”