Computer program for simulation of variable recharge with the U. S. Geological Survey modular finite-difference ground-water flow model (MODFLOW)

Abstract

Data for model row 19, columns 3 through 19 (lines 409 through 424) are missing and are the same as model row 2, columns 3 through 19 (lines 103 through 118). Data for all of model row 20 (lines 425 through 442) are missing, and are the same as model rowl (lines 83 through 100). The correct entries for missing lines 409 through 442 are listed below. (2). APPENDIX 4, Page 48-In "ARRAY SHOWING STATUS OF TOPMOST CELLS": Entries for model column 6 of rows 5, 6, and 15 should be 66 not 77.

Water use, ground-water recharge and availability, and quality of water in the Greenwich area, Fairfield County, Connecticut and Westchester County, New York, 2000-2002

“…In areas where the water table is at land surface, recharge is rejected as surface runoff (Kontis, 2001). Channelized or unchanneled surface runoff from till deposits may be another important source of recharge to glacial stratified deposits (Kontis, 2001).…”

“…Channelized or unchanneled surface runoff from till deposits may be another important source of recharge to glacial stratified deposits (Kontis, 2001). The natural drainage patterns, the degree to which channelized flow takes place, and the position of the water table during the nongrowing season may affect local recharge rates in any basin.…”

“…The U.S. Environmental Protection Agency (USEPA) has set regional nutrient-criteria guidelines for State governments for determination of impaired waters (U.S. Environmental Protection Agency, 2000;2001). The criteria for total nitrogen for Ecoregion XIV (which includes Connecticut) is 0.7 mg/L for rivers and streams and 0.32 mg/L for lakes and reservoirs.…”

Low flow of streams in the Susquehanna River basin of New York

“…For the first 6 months (November through April) evapotranspiration was specified as zero, river stage was constant, and water was made available for recharge at a constant rate through a computer code developed by A. L. Kontis (U.S. Geological Survey, written commun., 1984) and subsequently incorporated in a computer program described in detail by Kontis (2001). This code functioned much like the code that has been used to represent streams, in that each cell in the uppermost model layer was covered by an imaginary streambed that was assigned a conductance and thickness such that a vertical flux of 0.0104 feet of water per day (about 22 inches in 6 months) would be transmitted to the uppermost model layer as long as head in that layer remained well below land surface.…”

Simulation of ground-water flow and evaluation of water-management alternatives in the upper Charles River basin, eastern Massachusetts

“…Thus, it was important to vary the inflows from uplands when calibrating the model to obtain the best possible match between observed and model-calculated stream base flows. The approach required delineation of upland basins drained by channeled and unchanneled flow in uplands, as do other approaches for simulating recharge in uplands (for example, Kontis, 2001). Addition of base flow in streams draining uplands as a flow directly to the aquifer was based on the assumption that all base flow in these streams is lost to the aquifer immediately after the streams cross the upland/aquifer boundary.…”