Computerized administration of the diagnostic interview schedule

Blouin, Arthur G.; Perez, Edgardo; Blouin, Jane

doi:10.1016/0165-1781(88)90024-8

Cited by 185 publications

(116 citation statements)

References 18 publications

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“…Our subjects used a self-administered computerized version of the DIS (CDIS-R) with assistance from one of the research associates. This computerized interview, developed in cooperation with the original developers of the DIS, is highly correlated with the original version (the C-DIS Group, Ottawa Civic Hospital, Ottawa, Ontario, Canada) (22). In addition to determining the psychiatric diagnoses for the subject, the CDIS-R assesses the exact age at which symptoms of each diagnosis first began.…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Psychiatric diagnoses in patients with fibromyalgia are related to health care–seeking behavior rather than to illness

Aaron

Bradley

Alarcón

et al. 1996

Arthritis & Rheumatism

249

124

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Objective. To compare the frequency of lifetime psychiatric disorders among 3 groups of subjects: patients with fibromyalgia syndrome (FMS) from a tertiary care setting, community residents with FMS who had not sought medical care for their FMS symptoms (' 'FMS nonpatients' '), and healthy controls. Fibromyalgia syndrome (FMS) is a relatively common, chronic musculoskeletal pain disorder of unknown cause that affects -15% of rheumatology clinic patients (1). The etiopathogenesis of FMS is not understood, but peripheral factors (e.g., muscle tissue abnormalities) and central factors (e.g., ,neurohormonal changes, abnormal regional cerebral blood flow) have been associated with symptom onset ( 2 4 ) .Psychiatric disorders and psychological distress represent one set of central factors that may influence the behavior of patients with FMS. Some investigators have suggested that psychiatric illness also may play a role in the development of FMS. For example, Hudson and colleagues recently utilized a structured interview, the Diagnostic Interview Schedule, to assess lifetime rates of psychiatric diagnoses in patients with FMS or rheumatoid arthritis (RA) in a tertiary care rheumatology clinic. Higher rates both of major mood disorders (64% versus 22%) and of panic disorder or agoraphobia (33% versus 11%) were found in FMS versus RA patients. Moreover, for the majority of diagnoses, initial symptoms predated the onset of pain among the FMS patients (5,6). Although these observations were based on the interview responses of patients who may not have been representative of community residents with FMS, it was concluded that FMS may share a common pathophysiology with depressive and anxiety disorders.Wolfe and colleagues recently examined psychological distress in FMS clinic patients and community residents with FMS (7). They found high levels of psychological distress in both groups and therefore suggested that psychological distress is intrinsically related to the FMS syndrome. However, the cornmu-

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Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Psychiatric diagnoses in patients with fibromyalgia are related to health care–seeking behavior rather than to illness

Aaron

Bradley

Alarcón

et al. 1996

Arthritis & Rheumatism

249

124

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“…All subjects were screened to exclude major Axis I disorders, including substance use, psychotic, anxiety, and mood disorders. One hundred and thirty-six EA screened control subjects were collected at the VA CT Healthcare System, West Haven Campus, and at the University of CT. Of these subjects, 69 were screened with the Structured Clinical Interview for DSM-III-R (SCID; Spitzer et al 1992), seven were screened with the Schedule for Affective Disorders and Schizophrenia, Lifetime Version (SADS-L) (Spitzer and Endicott 1975), and 12 were screened with the computerized Diagnostic Interview Schedule for DSM-III-R (C-DIS-R; Blouin et al 1988). The remainder were screened by non-structured interview with a psychiatrist.…”

Section: Clinical Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

D2 Dopamine Receptor Gene (DRD2) Allele and Haplotype Frequencies in Alcohol Dependent and Control Subjects No Association with Phenotype or Severity of Phenotype

Gelernter

1999

Neuropsychopharmacology

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Possible association between polymorphisms at the D 2 dopamine receptor gene (DRD2) and alcohol dependence has been controversial since first proposed in 1990. The most studied polymorphisms to date are the TaqI "A" and "B" systems; they are unlikely to convey a physiological effect directly, and have not been demonstrated to be in linkage disequilibrium with any common polymorphism more likely to convey such an effect, in populations of European ancestry. A recently-described polymorphism in the promoter region of the DRD2 gene with possible effects on gene regulation is the first functional polymorphism described at this locus frequent enough in EuropeanAmericans (EAs) to have the potential to explain the positive findings. The goals of this study were to determine if we could replicate any previously reported associations, particularly with the "A" and "B" systems and alcohol dependence or severity of alcohol dependence, using a screened control group design. We also studied the promoter system, "D" system, and 3 locus haplotypes. To test the hypothesis of an association rigorously, we studied four DRD2 polymorphic systems in 160 EA alcohol dependent subjects and 136 screened EA control subjects. To increase our potential to detect association with other polymorphisms at the locus, we also constructed 3 locus haplotypes including the DRD2 "A," "D," and promoter systems in both samples. There were no significant differences in allele frequencies between alcohol dependent and screened control subjects for any of the four systems studied. There were also no differences in 3-locus haplotype frequencies between these groups. Analysis based on severity of alcohol dependence also yielded no significant association. The Blum et al. 1990), and with a range of other behavioral phenotypes. The meaning of positive findings that have emerged remains controversial. They have been explained in terms of a DRD2 mediated "reward deficiency" syndrome (Blum et al. 1997); however, they could also be explained in terms of population stratification, or through other mechanisms well known in population genetics (Gelernter et al. 1993a), some of which could account for a replicable finding of association that nonetheless has no pathophysiological significance. An example of such an association, due to population stratification, would be observation of increased frequency of a variant of a gene controlling skin pigmentation in subjects with sickle cell anemia (who would be mostly African American), compared to a random sample of American subjects (who would be mostly European American (EA)). Published DRD2 association studies can be grouped according to population studied, and according to polymorphisms studied. Almost all of the positive findings occurred in European, or EA, populations (e.g. Blum et al. 1990;Parsian et al. 1991); studies in other populations have generally been negative (e.g. Chen et al. 1996). Studies with specific, well-defined (i.e. less admixed) European populations have been negative more often than studies...

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“…The Diagnostic Interview Schedule has been used extensively to study the epidemiology of depression, 13 and the use of the computerized version has been well validated. 14 …”

Section: Criterion Standardmentioning

confidence: 99%

Screening for Depression in Patients With Coronary Heart Disease (Data from the Heart and Soul Study)

McManus

Pipkin

Whooley

2005

The American Journal of Cardiology

201

173

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Major depression is associated with adverse outcomes in patients who have coronary heart disease. How best to identify depression in busy cardiology practices is unknown. We compared the test characteristics of 4 depression screening instruments with an interview diagnosis of depression (Diagnostic Interview Schedule) in 1,024 outpatients who had coronary heart disease. Screening instruments were the 10-item Center for Epidemiologic Studies Depression Scale-10, the Patient Health Questionnaire-9, the Patient Health Questionnaire-2, and a simple 2-item instrument that asks (1) "During the past month, have you often been bothered by feeling down, depressed, or hopeless?" and (2) "During the past month, have you often been bothered by little interest or pleasure in doing things?" Of the 1,024 participants, 224 (22%) had major depression based on the Diagnostic Interview Schedule. Areas under the receiver-operating characteristic curves were similar for all instruments (range 0.84 to 0.87). In conclusion, a positive response to 1 of the 2 items was 90% sensitive and 69% specific for depression, with a negative likelihood ratio of 0.14. Thus, negative responses to the 2 items effectively ruled out depression. A score ≥10 on the Patient Health Questionnaire-9 was 54% sensitive and 90% specific, with a positive likelihood ratio of 5.4. Thus, a cutpoint ≥10 was virtually diagnostic for depression.Major depression is a common condition in patients who have coronary heart disease (CHD), with a prevalence of 20% to 30%. 1,2 Depression is associated with poor health-related quality of life and adverse cardiovascular outcomes in patients who have CHD. 3,4 However, it is not known how best to detect depression in busy cardiology practices. We evaluated the test characteristics of 4 depression screening instruments compared with a diagnostic interview for depression in a sample of 1,024 adults who had stable CHD and were enrolled in the Heart and Soul Study. Methods Study participantsThe Heart and Soul Study is a prospective cohort study of psychosocial factors and health outcomes in patients who have CHD. Methods have been previously described. 3 In brief, administrative databases were used to identify outpatients who had documented coronary artery disease at 2 Department of Veterans Affairs medical centers (Veterans Affairs Medical Center, San Francisco and the Veterans Affairs Palo Alto Health Care System, Palo Alto, California), 1 university medical center (University of California, San Francisco), and 9 public health *Corresponding author: Tel: 415-750-2093; fax: 415-379-5573. mary.whooley@med.va.gov (M.A. Whooley A total of 15,438 eligible patients was mailed an invitation to participate, and 2,495 responded that they would be interested. Of the 2,495 patients, 505 could not be reached and 596 declined participation. An additional 370 patients were excluded because they had a history of myocardial infarction in the previous 6 months, deemed themselves unable to walk 1 block, or were planning to move out of the lo...

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Computerized administration of the diagnostic interview schedule

Cited by 185 publications

References 18 publications

Psychiatric diagnoses in patients with fibromyalgia are related to health care–seeking behavior rather than to illness

Psychiatric diagnoses in patients with fibromyalgia are related to health care–seeking behavior rather than to illness

D2 Dopamine Receptor Gene (DRD2) Allele and Haplotype Frequencies in Alcohol Dependent and Control Subjects No Association with Phenotype or Severity of Phenotype

Screening for Depression in Patients With Coronary Heart Disease (Data from the Heart and Soul Study)

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