Computing the Bidirectional Scattering of a Microstructure Using Scalar Diffraction Theory and Path Tracing

Falster, Viggo; Jarabo, Adrián; Frisvad, Jeppe Revall

doi:10.1111/cgf.14140

Cited by 15 publications

(5 citation statements)

References 48 publications

(95 reference statements)

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“…Material models that dictate the direction and intensity of further light propagation is the component needed to complete the scene. There is currently a large variety of models describing reflection from surfaces, including spectral ones [33,34,35], and extending to the refraction cases [36,37], and imitating various optical phenomena [38,39,40,41]. The scattering volumes below the surfaces can be modelled [42] by known material parameters obtained through a measurement.…”

Section: Modelling Appearance Printing: Current State and Challengesmentioning

confidence: 99%

Modelling appearance printing : Acquisition and digital reproduction of translucent and goniochromatic materials

Pranovich

2024

Linköping Studies in Science and Technology. Dissertations

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Section: Modelling Appearance Printing: Current State and Challengesmentioning

confidence: 99%

Modelling appearance printing : Acquisition and digital reproduction of translucent and goniochromatic materials

Pranovich

2024

Linköping Studies in Science and Technology. Dissertations

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“…Some work is dedicated to rendering of diffraction effects in periodic 2D structures [14], [15] or an explicitly defined patch of microgeometry [16], or rendering of the interference effects in plane-parallel thin films [17]. The reflectance model is then based on theory from optics.…”

Section: Related Workmentioning

confidence: 99%

Empirical BRDF Model for Goniochromatic Materials and Soft Proofing With Reflective Inks

Pranovich,

Frisvad,

Valyukh

et al. 2024

IEEE Comput. Grap. Appl.

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The commonly used analytic bidirectional reflectance distribution functions (BRDFs) do not model goniochromatism, that is, angle-dependent material color. The material color is usually defined by a diffuse reflectance spectrum or RGB vector and a specular part based on a spectral complex index of refraction. Extension of the commonly used BRDFs based on wave theory can help model goniochromatism, but this comes at the cost of significant added model complexity. We measured the goniochromatism of structual color pigments used for additive color printing and found that we can fit the observed spectral angular dependence of the bidirectional reflectance using a simple modification of the standard microfacet BRDF model. All we need to describe the goniochromatism is an empirically-based spectral parameter, which we use in our model together with a specular reflectance spectrum instead of the spectral complex index of refraction. We demonstrate the ability of our model to fit the measured reflectance of red, green, and blue commercial structural color pigments. Our BRDF model enables straightforward implementation of a shader for interactive preview of 3D objects with printed spatially and angularly varying texture.

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“…Amongst the first to consider wave effects in rendering are Moravec [1981]; Stam [1999]. Later work includes the rendering of iridescent and pearlescent materials [Guillén et al 2020]; diffractive scratches [Velinov et al 2018;Werner et al 2017]; diffractive surface models, with explicit microgeometry [Falster et al 2020;Yan et al 2018] or statistical surface profiles [Holzschuch and Pacanowski 2017;; and, thin-film interference at a soap bubbles [Huang et al 2020] or due to a dielectric layer over a conductor [Belcour and Barla 2017;Kneiphof et al 2019]. Synthesis of BSDFs that account for wave interference was discussed by Toisoul and Ghosh [2017].…”

Section: Related Workmentioning

confidence: 99%

A Generalized Ray Formulation For Wave-Optics Rendering

Steinberg¹,

Ramamoorthi²,

Bitterli³

et al. 2023

Preprint

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Fig. 1. From ray optics to wave optics. In this paper we present the generalized ray: an extension of the classical ray to wave optics. The generalized ray retains the defining characteristics of the ray-optical ray: locality and linearity. These properties allow the generalized ray to serve as a "point query" of light's behaviour-the same purpose that the classical ray fulfils in rendering. By using such generalized rays, we enable the rendering of complex scenes, like the one shown, under rigorous wave-optical light transport. Materials admitting diffractive optical phenomena are visible: (a) a Bornite ore with a layer of copper oxide causing interference; (b) a Brazilian Rainbow Boa, whose scales are biological diffraction grated surfaces; and (c) a Chrysomelidae beetle, whose colour arises due to naturally-occurring multilayered interference reflectors in its elytron. Our formalism serves as a link between path tracing techniques and wave optics, and admits a highly general validity domain. Therefore, we are able to apply sophisticated sampling techniques, and achieve performance that surpasses the state-of-the-art by orders-of-magnitude. We indicate resolution and samples-per-pixel (spp) count in all figures rendered using our method. While these figures showcase converged (high spp) results, our implementation also allows interactive rendering of all these scenes at 1 spp. Frame times (at 1 spp) for interactive rendering are indicated. Implementation, as well as additional renderings and videos are available in our supplemental material. Under ray-optical light transport, the classical ray serves as a local and linear "point query" of light's behaviour. Such point queries are useful, and sophisticated path tracing and sampling techniques enable efficiently computing solutions to light transport problems in complex, real-world settings and environments. However, such formulations are firmly confined to the realm of ray optics, while many applications of interest, in computer graphics and computational optics, demand a more precise understanding of light. We rigorously formulate the generalized ray, which enables local and linear point queries of the wave-optical phase space. Furthermore, we present sample-solve: a simple method that serves as a novel link between path tracing and computational optics. We will show that this link enables the

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Computing the Bidirectional Scattering of a Microstructure Using Scalar Diffraction Theory and Path Tracing

Cited by 15 publications

References 48 publications

Modelling appearance printing : Acquisition and digital reproduction of translucent and goniochromatic materials

Modelling appearance printing : Acquisition and digital reproduction of translucent and goniochromatic materials

Empirical BRDF Model for Goniochromatic Materials and Soft Proofing With Reflective Inks

A Generalized Ray Formulation For Wave-Optics Rendering

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